Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
Not even Pennsylvania was free from the custom. In 1710, the Indians
manifested some uneasiness, and when the governor sent a committee to
learn their wishes they returned eight wampum belts which represented
their requests. One belt signified, so the Indians explained to
the committee, that their old women desired the friendship of the
Christians and Indians of the government, and the privilege to fetch
wood and water without danger and trouble; another, that their children
might have room to play and sport without danger of slavery. The young
men begged that they might be granted the privilege to hunt without
fear of death or slavery; and the chiefs desired a lasting peace that
thereby they might be secured against those “fearful apprehensions”
they had felt for several years.[566] A similar complaint was made by
the “Senoquois” to Lieutenant-Governor Gookin. The Indians asserted
that one Francis La Tore had taken a boy from them and had sold him
in New York, and requested the lieutenant-governor to inquire about
him.[567]
Whether or not actual kidnapping of the natives occurred in New York,
at least the Indians were familiar with the custom as practiced by
the whites. The following is a case in point. When the Moravian
missionaries first visited New York, early in the eighteenth century,
the whites, in order to counteract the influence of Rauch, one of these
missionaries who was working at the Indian town of Shekomeka east of
the Hudson River, told the Indians of that section that the missionary
intended to seize their young people, carry them beyond the seas and
sell them into slavery.[568]
Events in New York illustrate another phase of Indian kidnapping.
During the war between Spain and the United Netherlands prizes were
occasionally brought by privateers to New Amsterdam from the Caribbean
islands and the Spanish Main. Part of the cargoes of these vessels
consisted of kidnapped Spanish Indians. Their presence in the colony
was considered undesirable and their seizure generally unfair, for
they were in some cases of Spanish[569] as well as Indian blood. After
peace was declared between Spain and the Netherlands, 1648, hostilities
still continued between Spain and France. To privateers flying the
French flag, New Amsterdam was a neutral port where captive negroes and
other prize goods were sold. Among these negroes was sometimes found a
Spanish Indian. In 1692,[570] and again in 1699,[571] laws were passed
to suppress privateering. But, despite these laws, the practice was
adhered to, and the number of free Spanish Indians held in New York
increased. A petition to the governor of New York, in 1711, shows a
free Indian woman, a resident of Southampton, kidnapped and sold as a
slave in Madeira, from whence she was returned by the English consul to
New York.[572] This instance illustrates the work of pirates also.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account