Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical SketchDenig, Edwin Thompson
History
Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical Sketch
Denig, Edwin Thompson
Assiniboine Indians; Indians of North America -- Missouri River Valley
Animals of all kinds are found there, though it does not appear that
they are the souls of those which lived in this world. Reasoning
powers and immortality are not ascribed to the brute creation.
Everything referring to a future state is not made the subject of their
conversations, and each man’s opinions differ. Some deny any such a
state and think death final to soul and body. Others that the soul
never leaves the neighborhood of its burial place. All information
regarding their belief in futurity is with difficulty extracted, and
not much importance is placed on the fact of their being immortal
beings; at their death also the greatest anxiety appears to be about
their family and relations left behind. They admit its uncertainty, and
fear nothing on the score of future punishment. Upon the whole there
is nothing in their belief of a future state which affects much their
general conduct through life and as little on the approach of death.
From this fact we may conclude very reasonably that the foregoing
system of their religion is the correct one, as they do not feel guilty
of moral offenses toward the Great Spirit entailing future punishment,
but expect to be rewarded for their devotedness in their manner of
worship. These Indians will also smoke, invoke, and give small pieces
of tobacco to the head of a bear after they have killed it. But this
does not imply they are to meet the animal in a future state. It is a
kind of thanksgiving, through the bear’s head, to the powers that have
enabled them to accomplish the feat of killing it without accident.
The killing of a grizzly bear by a single man is no trifling matter
and deservedly ranks next to killing an enemy. A coup is counted for
that action in their ceremonies where they publicly recount their brave
exploits. Moreover, every year persons are torn to pieces by these
animals when wounded or surprised in thickets where the person can not
escape. Therefore all ceremonies to the dead animal would have the
nature of invocations for aid and protection from the supernatural
powers whose business it is to interfere, and indeed such their words
imply on these occasions. It may have been some such ceremony the
Indian on the shores of Lake Superior made which was mistaken for
begging the animal’s pardon.
MYTHOLOGY
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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