Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical SketchDenig, Edwin Thompson
History
Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical Sketch
Denig, Edwin Thompson
Assiniboine Indians; Indians of North America -- Missouri River Valley
An Indian in counting any period less than a year will say 3 moons and
a full (3½ moons), 4 moons and an eaten one (4¾ moons), 6 moons
and an increasing one (6½ moons), etc. These serve all his purposes
and when wishing to be more minute and exact he must notch each day on
a stick. For a year or four seasons they say a winter. A man may say
“I am 40 winters old and one summer.” Yet sometimes the same man will
say, “I am 40 seasons old.” This is still right. He will also say that
he is 80 seasons old, or 160 seasons old. All of these are correct and
understood immediately, as in the one case you mentally take the half,
and in the other the quarter. This is often done among themselves,
but with whites they generally name the winter only to designate the
year, yet man-ko´-cha (season) is the right name for a year and would
be received as such by all the Assiniboin. The day is divided into the
following parts: hi-ak-kane (daylight), umpa (morning), wee-he-num-pa
(sunrise), wee-wa-kan-too (forenoon), wi-cho-kun (midday),
we-coo-cha-nu (afternoon), we-coh-pa-ya (sunset), hhtie-too (twilight),
eoch-puz-za (dark), and haw-ha-pip-cho-kun (midnight). Any intermediate
space of time would be indicated by pointing the finger to the place
the sun is supposed to have been at that time. They know nothing of the
division of hours and minutes, yet some of the squaws living a long
time in the fort can tell the hour and minute by the clock.
They know that the minute hand makes the revolution of the dial plate
before it strikes and know the figures from 1 to 12; also that each
figure is five minutes apart, and will say it wants so many fives to
strike 9, or it has struck 10 and is 5 fives past. This they pick up
nearly of their own accord, which proves that some are susceptible of
intelligence and education. They know nothing of the solstices nor have
any period such as a cycle or century, neither do they believe the
world will come to an end or that their priests or any others have the
power to destroy or rebuild it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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