Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical SketchDenig, Edwin Thompson
History
Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Edited with Notes and Biographical Sketch
Denig, Edwin Thompson
Assiniboine Indians; Indians of North America -- Missouri River Valley
Their lives are not, however, considered as valuable as men, nor are
they ever so much mourned for. When not bought, or unmarried, the
killing of a woman never happens and would be a great disgrace to any
man, though after marriage they are subject to the penalty of death
from different causes in which the man thinks he is justified.
Private debts are never settled by the chief, nor private disputes by
council. Advice may be given and taken, frequently is, though the usual
mode of settling trivial quarrels is by payment, and an invitation to a
feast. Everything except loss of life or personal chastisement can be
paid for among these Indians.
GAME LAWS, OR RIGHTS OF THE CHASE.—The roving tribes subsist by
hunting buffalo, and these animals being constantly on the move, they
are obliged to move after them. Therefore no particular section of
country is appointed to each as a hunting district.[14] There are,
however, certain regulations with regard to the hunting of these
animals which may as well be recorded here. A lodge or a few lodges
have no right to establish and hunt within 6, 8, or 10 miles from a
large camp, as by this the buffalo would be continually kept out of
the range of the latter, and a few people be the cause of distress and
starvation to the many. Therefore these obstructions are removed by the
soldiers. When hunting by surround has been agreed upon, individual
hunting is stopped for the same reason, and has met with explanation.
This is also the duty of the soldiers. Hunting deer, elk, beaver, etc.,
being of little consequence to these Indians, each one exercises his
pleasure in regard to these occupations. No right to any section of
country is claimed by any person to the exclusion of others. Should an
Indian wound a deer and not follow, and another pursue and kill it, the
former would have no right to either skin or meat, having relinquished
that right by abandoning the wounded animal. But should he be following
and arrive where the other has killed it, the hide and half the meat
would be his share. As a general rule he who draws the first blood of
the animal is entitled to the hide. This is often difficult to settle
when large buffalo surrounds are made on horseback with the bow and
arrow. Several hundreds of animals are slain in the course of an hour
or so, and some have the arrows of different Indians in them. Each
Indian, by his own mark, knows his arrow, but the matter of dispute is
whose arrow struck first? Therefore who is entitled to the hide?
[14] The statement here militates against any claim of private
ownership of hunting grounds among these tribes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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