Indians of North America -- Colorado; Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.)
What the people lacked in clothing they made up in jewelry. Beads,
necklaces, pendants and earrings are found in profusion in the graves
and there can be no doubt that the people had a strong desire for
personal adornment. The materials used seem quite drab to us but from
such ordinary materials as shell, bone, seeds and brightly-colored
stones, jewelry of lasting beauty was fashioned.
[Illustration: An ancient style show
Left. These superb, 1500-year old sashes are made of dog hair
Right. Necklaces made of bone, stone and shells]
The Basket Maker cradle was entirely different from the wooden cradle we
saw used in Cliff Palace. It was a soft flexible affair made of reeds
and withes. A long stick was bent into a loop and the ends were tied
together to form an oval frame. To this was bound a layer of reeds or
slender withes and the cradle was then padded with soft bark or fur.
When the baby was bound to the cradle a soft pad was placed under its
head and the skull developed normally without being flattened.
Many additional tools of wood, stone and bone are found when Basket
Maker caves are excavated: wooden planting sticks and scoops; stone
knives, scrapers, drills and pipes; bone awls, scrapers and whistles. An
important item was the metate, or milling stone. This was a slab of
stone with a shallow trough on the top surface. Corn was placed on the
metate and ground with the mano, a small stone which was rubbed back and
forth in the trough.
One of the interesting things about the Basket Makers was the manner in
which they buried their dead and, surprisingly enough, it is because of
this that we have our present knowledge of the early people. All burials
which have been found up to the present time have been found in caves,
although it is possible that bodies were sometimes buried in other
places. A favorite place for burial seems to have been the cists which
originally were built for the storage of food. When these were not
available graves were dug in the cave floor or the bodies were placed in
holes and crevices in the rocks. Often several bodies were buried
together and as many as nineteen have been found in a single grave. The
bodies were flexed, with the arms and legs drawn up against the chest.
Blankets were wrapped around them and sometimes the burial bundle was
placed in a large woven bag.
Fortunately for the archeologist it was customary to place offerings in
the grave and these consisted of articles the deceased had used or
articles his spirit would need in the afterworld. Even though burial
took place almost 2000 years ago the dry caves have preserved the
materials amazingly well and as a result we have not only the mummified
remains of the people but all of the articles which were in daily use
centuries ago.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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