Indians of North America -- Colorado; Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.)
The people also have great confidence in their chiefs and in the members
of the council for these men govern the town. The most important
official is the Town Chief, an elderly man who is noted for his wisdom,
patience and understanding. He knows many chants and ceremonies which
help his people. Next in importance is the War Chief, who guards against
enemies, witches and quarrels within the town. The Sun Chief or Sun
Watcher follows the movements of the sun and keeps the yearly calendar,
and his observations determine the dates for many of the ceremonies. The
Hunt Chief is in charge of the hunting activities of the town as well as
important healing and hunting ceremonies. Another official who is
prominent throughout the year is the Crier Chief. He is the town crier
and from his roof he announces important news events and the dates of
ceremonies, village hunts and other important affairs.
In addition to these chiefs, there is a council composed of the head
men, or chiefs, of all the secret societies. When there are problems to
be settled, the council meets: perhaps someone is accused of witchcraft,
perhaps two clans are quarreling over farm lands, or it may be merely a
personal quarrel between two men. A council meeting is called and the
town chiefs and the members of the council meet in a kiva with all the
interested parties. A council meeting may last for hours and there is
much shouting and quarreling as the evidence is presented. After each
person has had an opportunity to give his evidence and opinions the Town
Chief makes his decision and the trouble is over. The Town Chief is
considered to be wise and just and his judgments are never questioned.
As the end of summer draws near there is new excitement around the
cooking fires and in the fields. It is green corn time and the tender
ears of corn are at last ready for use. The corn plants are now as high
as a man’s head and although the ears are fully formed, the kernels are
tender and milky. They are still white: the brilliant colors will not
appear until they begin to harden later on. Each day as the men come
home from the fields they bring baskets of corn to their wives. The
fresh corn is roasted, baked, boiled or stewed and great quantities are
eaten when the families gather around their food bowls for the evening
meal. Much of this green corn is also prepared for winter use. It is
roasted, ground into fine meal and carefully stored away. When winter
comes it will be made into delicious mush and a thin gruel which will
serve as a hot drink.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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