3. Skirmishing is the all important formation in warfare against a well-armed enemy. The instruction of the recruit in such exercises must therefore, be considered as one of the most important portions of his training, and should receive very careful attention. It should commence as soon as he is sufficiently advanced to be able to carry out movements in two ranks and to perform correctly the various motions required to fire the rifle, and should be continued throughout his training. =46.= _Course of Training._ The course of instruction of the recruit in skirmishing will be divided into two parts:-- (i) _Preliminary Training._--This, which should be as brief as possible, may be carried out on level ground; it will include instruction in the methods of extending and closing, advancing and retiring, wheeling and changing direction, &c., and in the use of signals. (ii) _Practical Skirmishing._--This will take the form of simple exercises, such as advancing or retiring, &c., over broken ground. During this period the recruit should be individually instructed in the use of cover, the elementary lessons in the application of fire, and the practical methods of carrying out the principles learnt during preliminary training. =47.= _Preliminary Training._ 1. In order that the recruit may be accustomed to use his intelligence and initiative from the commencement of his training as a skirmisher, it will be explained to him that skirmishing is a tactical exercise and not a drill, that the object of it is to teach him the practical methods of advancing and retiring, the use of cover, and the application of fire, &c.; and that mechanical precision in performing the various movements is not to be aimed at. 2. A squad of recruits with arms will be formed up under a capable instructor, who should be a skilful skirmisher; he will train the individual recruit in the method of extending, &c., S. =46= (i). 3. Skirmishers will move in single rank at the trail. Correct dressing and keeping step are to be dispensed with. When halted each man will turn towards the direction of the supposed enemy, and will either lie down or will take up such a position behind natural cover as will afford him sufficient protection, and enable him to use his rifle with effect. At preliminary training on the parade ground, recruits may stand easy instead of lying down when the squad halts. 4. In all skirmishing exercises the instructor will point out the position of the enemy, and he will see that the squad acts throughout with reference to that position.