It should be impressed upon the men that combined action is always more likely to be successful than isolated efforts, because skirmishers who are fighting under the control of their leaders, and are beside their own comrades, feel much more confidence, and co-operate more effectively, than when each man advances, retires, or halts as seems best to himself. It is to be recognised, however, that when the section is extended at wide intervals, and also when it is under heavy fire, section, and even squad commanders cannot always exercise direct control. Hence the men must learn to act independently and must be taught their duty, first by clear explanations, then by practice, accompanied by constant questioning, until every individual knows exactly what is expected of him when left to himself, viz.:-- (i) Continue fighting, and do his best to carry out his commander’s intentions indicated in the original instructions. (ii) Estimate the range, fire deliberately, and husband ammunition. (iii) Place himself, if possible, under the orders of the oldest soldier in his neighbourhood, and form one of a new squad. (iv) As soon as reinforcements arrive to take the orders of the nearest officer or non-commissioned officer. =82.= _Defence Practice._ 1. The chief points to be attended to in the occupation of a post or position are: first, that each skirmisher can command the ground over which the enemy is expected to advance, and is so placed that he can use his rifle effectively; second, invisibility and cover from fire; third, that natural rests are properly utilised or artificial rests provided; fourth, that ranges have been ascertained and are known to everyone; and fifth, that all cover which the enemy could utilise is cleared away from the front and flanks; and sixth, that each man has ample ammunition. 2. The company should be practised in changing its position, creeping or crawling under cover to do so; also in delivering counter attacks, by some covered line of approach, against the flanks of an attacking party. The flanks of a company on the defensive must always be watched by scouts. =83.= _Reconnaissance Practice._ The squad may be practised in forming a chain of groups of scouts to feel the way for a larger body, and in working as a patrol sent out to obtain information of the enemy or the ground. It is impossible to lay down precise rules for these most important duties. All that can be said is that the intervals would be far greater than is usual in the _Attack Practice_; and that much more latitude should be granted to the men. In reconnoitring the enemy or the ground the men should be made to understand clearly the nature of the information required. =84.= _Retirements._