No hard and fast rules can be laid down as to the action of skirmishers in such circumstances. Everything will depend on the nerve and resourcefulness of the leaders and of the men, who should be taught that swordsmen moving at speed can inflict but little damage on men who throw themselves down on the ground as the horsemen close on them. It may be laid down, moreover, that a sound system of scouting will do much to reduce the danger of surprise, and that in a thick atmosphere, which renders the enemy’s artillery useless, squads, and larger bodies also, may safely move in close order. =86.= _SCOUTING._ 1. It is an invariable rule that all bodies of infantry in the field should feel the way, and at the same time protect themselves from surprise, by means of scouts, who should be pushed out several hundred yards in advance and to the flanks. In skirmishing practice the scouts will examine all ground which might be held by the enemy, and report, usually by signal, all clear or otherwise. They will receive instructions from their commanders as to their action when they discover the enemy, and they must be careful to expose themselves as little as possible. 2. The day’s work will be rendered more interesting, and the men receive useful training in scouting, if ambushes are laid, and counter-attacks delivered. 3. In every company of infantry at least one man per squad, in addition to one non-commissioned officer in each half-company, should receive a special training as scouts. 4. Scouts are to be selected for their activity, intelligence, and eyesight. They must be good shots and judges of distance, expert skirmishers, and be able to communicate by semaphore. The special training should be such as to cultivate these qualities, to develop an eye for country, and to teach what to observe and how to report it. =87.= _Duties of Scouts._ 1. _In attack._ To precede the advance, reconnoitre the ground, look out for ambushes, to watch the flanks, report all obstacles to movement, ascertain the enemy’s position, and observe his dispositions. 2. _In defence._ To observe the enemy’s approach, to report his strength and the direction of his march; to watch the flanks, and to observe the enemy’s movements. 3. _As Ground Scouts._ To ascertain the best ground for an advance. To look for obstacles to an advance. To find accessible routes. To find cover for an advance. 4. _Reconnaissance._ To act as the eyes and ears of the army, especially in mountainous and wooded country. To obtain information of the enemy’s position and strength, the whereabouts of his guns, the nature of his entrenchments, &c. 5. _In night operations._--To precede the advance. 6. _Special purposes._--For special purposes, the scouts of several companies may be combined in one body under a selected officer or officers.