(a) Theoretically, schools increase the number and degree of contacts
between children. If the schools are closed, many of the contacts
which the children will make are likely to be out of doors. Whether or
not closing will decrease or increase contacts must be determined
locally. Obviously, rural and urban conditions differ radically in
this regard.
(b) Are the children in coming to and going from school exposed to
inclement weather or long rides in overcrowded cars?
(c) Is there an adequate nursing and inspection system in the schools?
(d) Is it likely that teachers, physicians and nurses can really
identify and segregate the infected school child before it has an
opportunity to make a number of contacts in halls, yards, rooms, etc.?
We suggest that children suspected of having influenza and held in
school buildings for inspection should be provided with and required
to wear face masks.
(e) Will the closing of schools release personnel or facilities to aid
in fighting the epidemic?
(f) If schools are kept open, will the absence of many teachers lower
the educational standards?
(g) If a number of pupils stay at home because of illness or fear,
will they not constitute a heavy drag upon their classes when they
return?
(h) If schools are closed, is there likely to be an outbreak in any
case when they are reopened?
CHURCHES: If churches are to remain open, services should be reduced to
the lowest number consistent with the adequate discharge of necessary
religious offices, and such services as are held should be conducted in
such a way as to reduce to a minimum intimacy and frequency of personal
contact.
THEATRES: As regards theatres, movies, and meetings for amusement in
general, it seems unwise to rely solely or in great part upon the
ejection of careless coughers. In the first place it is difficult to
determine who is a careless cougher, and after each cough, danger has
already resulted. It seems, too, that the closing of theatres may have
as much educational value as their use for direct educational purposes,
etc. Discrimination as to closing among theatres, movies, etc., on the
basis of efficiency of ventilation and general sanitation, may be
feasible.
SALOONS, ETC.: The closing of saloons and other drinking places should
be decided upon the basis of the probability of spread of the disease
through drinking utensils and the conditions of crowding.
DANCE HALLS, ETC.: The closing of dance halls, bowling rooms, billiard
parlors and slot-machine parlors, etc., should be made effective in all
cases where their operation causes considerable personal contact and
crowding.
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