Another comparison of the peripheral portion of the nervous system to
common things has at times forced itself upon my mind when reflecting
on the stimuli which are continually assaulting the skin, as I have
watched on the Needles’ Downs a flock of sheep on a summer evening
returning to their fold. As the sun begins to set they are scattered
over the western end of the Downs, still cropping the short grass
clothing those chalk and flint slopes which from immemorial time has
alone flourished there. They wander singly or in small groups on such
parts of the slope as the intrusive golfer still allows, and gradually
fall into larger groups which follow somewhat indefinite paths. As
they move further and further towards home they are seen to follow
one another in single file on some score or more of clearer paths,
and finally converge into one well-beaten and broad path until they
descend the northern slope and pass out by a single roadway into which
a gate opens, and so reach the haven where they would be. Here one has
a simple picture of the common stimuli of the skin, at first indefinite
and ineffectual, by their cumulative action producing an individual
receptor and its nerve connection with the central system.
Professor Leonard Hill[82] also gives a view of the general action of
the nervous system and compares it to control of the police force. He
supposes a murder to have been committed in a village, and that the
local policeman telegraphs to the local town ordering the roads to
be searched. The policeman is the tactile sense-organ, the telegraph
wire is the sensory nerve, the telegraph office in the local town
is the spinal cord, from this office a message is sent to the town
police-station by another wire and the police are set in motion. The
police are the muscles, the wire that sets them in motion in the motor
nerve. The message is also sent to neighbouring towns and to London,
that is to say, other local offices (parts of the spinal cord) and the
head office (the brain) are informed of the crime or sensory impulse.
The central office in London directs the operations controlling the
local police office. The whole order of events need not be here
described because it goes beyond my immediate purpose, but it is enough
to say that attached to the head office are the cleverest detectives
(higher sense-organs) and in these are kept records of past crimes,
lines of action of the police, and success or non-success of their
investigations.
[82] _Manual of Human Physiology._ Leonard Hill, p. 369.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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