Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
Let us examine the burrow of a Hymenopteron, which provides beforehand
for its larvæ. If we choose the moment when the insect enters with a
captive, we shall find in the cell a certain number of victims already
stored, but never a larva—not even an egg, for this is only laid when
the provisions are complete. The egg deposited, the cell is closed, and
the mother returns no more. It is, therefore, only in burrows where the
mother’s visits are no longer needed that one can find larvæ amid the
larger or smaller heap of food. Visit, on the other hand, the dwelling
of a Bembex as she enters with the produce of her chase, and you are
sure to find a larva, larger or smaller, amid the remains of food
already devoured. The ration now brought is to continue a repast which
has been going on for several days, and is to be prolonged upon the
produce of future expeditions. If we can make this examination towards
the end of the larva’s upbringing,—an advantage which I have enjoyed at
pleasure,—we shall find upon a great heap of fragments a portly larva,
to which the mother is still bringing food. The Bembex only ceases to
do so and to leave the cell definitely when the larva, distended by a
wine-coloured pap, refuses to eat, and reclines, thoroughly stuffed, on
the remains of wings and feet of the game which it has devoured.
Each time that she penetrates into the burrow on returning from the
chase, the mother brings but a single fly. Were it possible by means of
the remains contained in a cell where the larva is full grown to count
the victims served up, one would at least know how often the
Hymenopteron visited its burrow after the egg is laid. Unfortunately,
these broken meats—munched and munched again in moments of scarcity—are
for the most part unrecognisable. But on opening a cell with a less
advanced nursling, one can examine the provisions, some of the prey
being yet whole or nearly so, and others, more numerous, being trunks
in sufficiently good preservation to be distinguishable. Incomplete as
it is, the enumeration thus obtained strikes one with surprise, as
showing what activity the Hymenopteron must display to satisfy the
demands of such a table. Here is one of the bills of fare observed.
At the end of July around the larva of Bembex Julia, which had almost
reached the third of its full size, I found the prey of which the
following is the list:—Six Echinomyia rubescens—two whole and four in
pieces; four Syrphus corollæ—two whole, two in fragments; three Gonia
atra—all intact, and one just brought by the mother, which had enabled
me to discover the burrow; two Pollenia ruficollis—one whole, one
attacked; a Bombylius reduced to pulp; two Echinomyia intermedia in
bits; and finally two Pollenia floralis, also in bits—total, twenty.
Certainly we have here a bill of fare as abundant as varied, but as the
larva had only attained to a third of its complete size, the entire
bill of fare might well amount to sixty articles.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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