Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
Moreover, it is by no means the only one to hunt the long-nosed class
of weevils. Many other Cerceris, according to their size, strength, and
the chances of the chase, capture Curculionidæ most various in genus,
species, shape, and size. It has long been known that Cerceris arenaria
feeds her young with similar food. I myself have found in its burrows
Sitona lineata, S. tibialis, Cneorhinus hispidus, Brachyderes gracilis,
Geonemus flabellipes, Otiorhynchus maleficus. Cerceris aurita is known
to prey on Otiorhynchus raucus and Phytonomus punctatus. In the larder
of Cerceris ferreri I saw Phytonomus murinus, P. punctatus, Sitona
lineata, Cneorhinus hispidus, Rhynchites betuleti. This weevil, which
rolls up vine leaves into the shape of cigars, is sometimes of a superb
metallic blue, but more usually of a splendid golden copper. I have
found as many as seven of these brilliant insects laid up in one cell,
and the gorgeous colours of the little heap might almost bear
comparison with the jewels buried by the huntress of the Buprestids.
Other species, especially the weaker, hunt smaller game, the lesser
size being compensated by numbers. Thus, Cerceris quadricincta heaps in
each cell some thirty Apion gravidum, but does not disdain on occasion
bigger weevils, such as Sitona lineata, Phytonomus murinus. Cerceris
labiata also lays up small species. Finally, the smallest Cerceris in
my part of France, C. julii, hunts the least weevils, Apion gravidum
and Bruchus granarius, game proportioned to its own size. To end this
list of provender, let us add that some Cerceris follow other
gastronomic laws, and bring up their families on Hymenoptera. Such is
C. ornata. These tastes being alien to our subject, let us pass on.
We see that out of eight species of Cerceris which lay up Coleoptera as
food, seven hunt weevils and one Buprestids. What singular reason
confines the chase of these Hymenoptera within such narrow limits? What
are the motives of such an exclusive selection? What internal likeness
is there between the Buprestids and the weevils, outwardly quite
dissimilar, that both should become food for carnivorous and nearly
related larvæ? No doubt between such and such a victim there are
differences as to taste and nutritive qualities which the larvæ
thoroughly appreciate, but there must be a far graver reason than these
gastronomic considerations to explain these strange predilections.
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