Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
We saw that the larva began on the stomach of the second cricket, this
being the most juicy and fattest part. Like a child who first licks off
the jam on his bread, and then bites the slice with contemptuous tooth,
it goes straight to what is best, the abdominal intestines, leaving the
flesh, which must be extracted from its horny sheath, until it can be
digested deliberately. But when first hatched it is not thus dainty: it
must take the bread first and the jam later, and it has no choice but
to bite its first mouthful from the middle of the victim’s chest,
exactly where its mother placed the egg. It is rather tougher, but the
spot is a secure one, on account of the deep inertia into which three
stabs have thrown the thorax. Elsewhere, there would be, generally, if
not always, spasmodic convulsions which would detach the feeble thing
and expose it to terrible risks amid a heap of victims whose hind legs,
toothed like a saw, might occasionally kick, and whose jaws could still
grip. Thus it is motives of security, and not the habits of the grub,
which determine the mother where to place its egg.
A suspicion suggests itself to me as to this. The first cricket, the
ration on which the egg is laid, exposes the grub to more risks than do
the others. First, the larva is still a weakly creature; next, the
victim was only recently stung, and therefore in the likeliest state
for displaying some remains of life. This first cricket has to be as
thoroughly paralysed as possible, and therefore it is stabbed three
times. But the others, whose torpor deepens as time passes,—the others
which the larvæ only attack when grown strong,—have they to be treated
as carefully? Might not a single stab, or two, suffice to bring on a
gradual paralysis while the grub devours its first allowance? The
poison is too precious to be squandered; it is powder and shot for the
Sphex, only to be used economically. At all events, if at one time I
have been able to see a victim stabbed thrice, at another I have only
seen two wounds given. It is true that the quivering point of the
Sphex’s abdomen seemed seeking a favourable spot for a third wound; but
if really given, it escaped my observation. I incline to believe that
the victim destined to be eaten first always is stabbed three times,
but that economy causes the others only to be struck twice. The study
of the caterpillar-hunting Ammophila will later confirm this suspicion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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