Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalistFabre, Jean-Henri
Science
Insect life: Souvenirs of a naturalist
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Insects -- Biology
I have brought up Sphex larvæ by giving them successively crickets
taken from cells, and have thus been able, day by day, to follow the
rapid progress of my nurslings. The first cricket—that on which the egg
is laid—is attacked, as I have already said, toward the point where the
dart first struck—between the first and second pairs of legs. At the
end of a few days the young larva has hollowed a hole big enough for
half its body in the victim’s breast. One may then sometimes see the
cricket, bitten to the quick, vainly move its antennæ and abdominal
styles, open and close its empty jaws, and even move a foot, but the
larva is safe and searches its vitals with impunity. What an awful
nightmare for the paralysed cricket! This first ration is consumed in
six or seven days; nothing is left but the outer integument, whose
every portion remains in place. The larva, whose length is then twelve
millimetres, comes out of the body of the cricket through the hole it
had made in the thorax. During this operation it moults, and the skin
remains caught in the opening. It rests, and then begins on a second
ration. Being stronger it has nothing to fear from the feeble movements
of the cricket, whose daily increasing torpor has extinguished the last
shred of resistance, more than a week having passed since it was
wounded; so it is attacked with no precautions, and usually at the
stomach, where the juices are richest. Soon comes the turn of the third
cricket, then that of the fourth, which is consumed in ten hours. Of
these three victims there remains only the horny integument, whose
various portions are dismembered one by one and carefully emptied. If a
fifth ration be offered, the larva disdains or hardly touches it, not
from moderation, but from an imperious necessity.
It should be observed that up to now the larva has ejected no
excrement, and that its intestine, in which four crickets have been
engulfed, is distended to bursting. Thus, a new ration cannot tempt its
gluttony, and henceforward it only thinks about making a silken
dwelling. Its repast has lasted from ten to twelve days without a
pause. Its length now measures from twenty-five to thirty millimetres,
and its greatest width from five to six. Its usual shape, somewhat
enlarged behind and narrowed in front, agrees with that general in
larvæ of Hymenoptera. It has fourteen segments, including the head,
which is very small, with weak mandibles seemingly incapable of the
part just played by them. Of these fourteen segments the intermediary
ones are provided with stigmata. Its livery is yellowish-white, with
countless chalky white dots.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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