These filaments, from their tips to their bases, are exquisitely
sensitive to a momentary touch. It is scarcely [page 289] possible to
touch them ever so lightly or quickly with any hard object without
causing the lobes to close. A piece of very delicate human hair, 2 1/2
inches in length, held dangling over a filament, and swayed to and fro
so as to touch it, did not excite any movement. But when a rather thick
cotton thread of the same length was similarly swayed, the lobes
closed. Pinches of fine wheaten flour, dropped from a height, produced
no effect. The above-mentioned hair was then fixed into a handle, and
cut off so that 1 inch projected; this length being sufficiently rigid
to support itself in a nearly horizontal line. The extremity was then
brought by a slow movement laterally into contact with the tip of a
filament, and the leaf instantly closed. On another occasion two or
three touches of the same kind were necessary before any movement
ensued. When we consider how flexible a fine hair is, we may form some
idea how slight must be the touch given by the extremity of a piece, 1
inch in length, moved slowly.
Although these filaments are so sensitive to a momentary and delicate
touch, they are far less sensitive than the glands of Drosera to
prolonged pressure. Several times I succeeded in placing on the tip of
a filament, by the aid of a needle moved with extreme slowness, bits of
rather thick human hair, and these did not excite movement, although
they were more than ten times as long as those which caused the
tentacles of Drosera to bend; and although in this latter case they
were largely supported by the dense secretion. On the other hand, the
glands of Drosera may be struck with a needle or any hard object, once,
twice, or even thrice, with considerable force, and no movement ensues.
This singular difference in the nature of the sensitiveness of the
filaments of Dionaea and of [page 290] the glands of Drosera evidently
stands in relation to the habits of the two plants. If a minute insect
alights with its delicate feet on the glands of Drosera, it is caught
by the viscid secretion, and the slight, though prolonged pressure,
gives notice of the presence of prey, which is secured by the slow
bending of the tentacles. On the other hand, the sensitive filaments of
Dionaea are not viscid, and the capture of insects can be assured only
by their sensitiveness to a momentary touch, followed by the rapid
closure of the lobes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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