III.--DUNGAL 381 Theologian, astronomer and poet 381 Dungal was an Irishman 382 Probably educated in the School of Bangor 382 Dungal goes to France 382 His Letter to Charlemagne on the two solar eclipses said to have taken place in A.D. 810 383 He opens a school at Pavia 385 The last struggle of Western Iconoclasm 385 The _Libri Carolini_ 386 Synod of Frankfort 386 The Council of Nice 387 The Paris Conference 388 Claudius of Turin 389 _Dungali Responsa contra perversas Claudii Taurinensis Episcopi Sententias_ 390 Character of Dungal's writings 391 His death 392 IV.--ST. MALACHY 393 Sketch of his life 393 He rebuilds the monastery at Bangor 394 Becomes Bishop of Connor 394 Founds the _Monasterium Ibracense_ 395 Malachy transferred to the Primatial See 395 Difficulties in Armagh 395 Malachy honoured at Rome by Pope Innocent III. 396 Death at Clairvaux 397 CHAPTER XVII. THE SCHOOL OF CLONENAGH. I.--ST. FINTAN 398 Churches founded round the base of the Slieve Bloom mountains 398 Clonenagh 398 Fintan's _Rule_ 401 St. Comgall a pupil of the School of Clonenagh 402 Miracles of St. Fintan 403 Fintan, "Father of the Irish Monks" 404