Produced by Robin Monks, Carol Brown, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive. [Illustration: Cover Title Page] _OF THE_ Cambridge Edition _There have been printed seven hundred and fifty sets of which this is copy_ _No._ 337 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ARTS AND SCIENCE [Illustration: ALMA MATER _Photogravure of the Statue by Daniel C. French_ The colossal figure of French's Alma Mater adorns the fine suite of stone steps leading up to the picturesque library building of Columbia University. It is a bronze statue, gilded with pure gold. The female figure typifying "Alma Mater" is represented as sitting in a chair of classic shape, her elbows resting on the arms of the chair. Both hands are raised. The right hand holds and is supported by a sceptre. On her head is a classic wreath, and on her lap lies an open book, from which her eyes seem to have just been raised in meditation. Drapery falls in semi-classic folds from her neck to her sandalled feet, only the arms and neck being left bare. Every University man cherishes a kindly feeling for his Alma Mater, and the famous American sculptor, Daniel C. French, has been most successful in his artistic creation of the "Fostering Mother" spiritualized--the familiar ideal of the mother of minds trained to thought and consecrated to intellectual service.] INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ARTS AND SCIENCE _EDITED BY_ HOWARD J. ROGERS, A.M., LL.D. DIRECTOR OF CONGRESSES VOLUME I PHILOSOPHY AND METAPHYSICS COMPRISING Lectures on Philosophy in the Nineteenth Century, Philosophy of Religion, Sciences of the Ideal, Problems of Metaphysics, The Theory of Science, and Logic [Illustration: University Alliance logo] UNIVERSITY ALLIANCE LONDON NEW YORK COPYRIGHT 1906 BY HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED COPYRIGHT 1908 BY UNIVERSITY ALLIANCE _ILLUSTRATIONS_ VOLUME I FACING PAGE ALMA MATER _Frontispiece_ Photogravure from the statue by Daniel C. French DR. HOWARD J. ROGERS 1 Photogravure from a photograph DR. SIMON NEWCOMB 135 Photogravure from a photograph THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY 168 Photogravure from the painting by OTTO KNILLE _TABLE OF CONTENTS_ VOLUME I THE HISTORY OF THE CONGRESS 1 HOWARD J. ROGERS, A.M., LL.D.