Produced by Mark C. Orton, Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net NON-VIOLENT ACTION IN TENSION AREAS: Series III: Number 1 July 1944. INTRODUCTION TO NON-VIOLENCE _By_ THEODORE PAULLIN THE PACIFIST RESEARCH BUREAU 1201 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA 7, PENNSYLVANIA MEMBERS OF THE PACIFIST RESEARCH BUREAU Charles Boss, Jr. Isidor B. Hoffman Henry J. Cadbury John Haynes Holmes Allan Knight Chalmers E. Stanley Jones Abraham Cronbach John Howland Lathrop Albert E. Day Frederick J. Libby Dorothy Day A. J. Muste Edward W. Evans Ray Newton Jane Evans Mildred Scott Olmsted F. Burt Farquharson Kirby Page Harry Emerson Fosdick Clarence E. Pickett Harrop A. Freeman Guy W. Solt Elmer A. Fridell Douglas V. Steere Richard Gregg Dan West Harold Hatch Norman Whitney E. Raymond Wilson FINANCIAL SUPPORT The Pacifist Research Bureau is financed entirely by the contributions of organizations and individuals who are interested in seeing this type of research carried on. We trust that you may desire to have a part in this positive pacifist endeavor to aid in the formulation of plans for the world order of the future. Please make contributions payable to The Pacifist Research Bureau, 1201 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia 7, Pennsylvania. Contributions are deductible for income tax purposes. DIRECTOR'S FOREWORD "When I use a word," Humpty Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean--neither more nor less." "The question is," said Alice, "whether you _can_ make words mean different things." * * * * * In the writings of pacifists and non-pacifists concerning theories of and experiences with non-violence, there is a clear lack of uniformity in the use of words. The present booklet, introducing the Bureau's new series on _Non-Violent Action in Tension Areas_, distinguished by green covers, critically examines pacifist terminology. But it does more, for it analyzes various types of non-violence, evaluates examples of non-violence referred to in previous literature, and points to new sources of case material.