Introductory American HistoryBourne, Henry Eldridge
History
Introductory American History
Bourne, Henry Eldridge
United States -- History
RELIGION OF THE GERMANS. We remember the religion of the Germans
because four days of the week are named for their gods or the gods of
their neighbors across the Baltic. Their principal god was Wodan, or
Odin, god of the sun and the tempest. Wodan's day is Wednesday. Thursday
is named for Thor, the Northmen's god of thunder. The god of war, Tiw,
gave a name to Tuesday, and Frigu, the goddess of love, to Friday. The
German, like his northern neighbors, thought of heaven as the place
where brave warriors who had died in battle spent their days
in feasting.
JULIUS CAESAR. Julius Caesar was the great Roman general who
conquered the Gauls and led the first expeditions across the Rhine into
Germany and over the Channel into Britain. He was a wealthy noble who,
like other nobles, held one office after another until he became consul.
He was also a great political leader, and with two other men controlled
Rome. We should call them "bosses," but the Romans called them
"triumvirs."
[Illustration: JULIUS CAESAR After the bust in the Museum at
Naples]
CAESAR IN GAUL. As soon as Caesar became governor of the province
of southern Gaul, he showed that he was a skilful general as well as a
successful politician. He interfered in the wars between the Gauls,
taking sides with the friends of the Romans. When a large army of
Germans entered Gaul, he defeated it and drove it back across the Rhine.
One war led to another until all the tribes from the country now called
Belgium to the Mediterranean coast professed to be friends of the Roman
people. His campaigns lasted from 58 B.C. for nine years. Two or three
times Caesar was very close to ruin, but by his courage and energy he
always succeeded in gaining the victory.
VERCINGETORIX, GALLIC HERO. The great hero of the Gauls in their
struggle with the Romans was Vercingetorix. He was a young noble who
lived in a mountain town of central Gaul. His father had been killed in
an attempt to make himself king of his native city. Vercingetorix
believed that if the Gauls did not unite against the Romans they would
soon see their lands become Roman provinces. As he knew his army was no
match for the Romans in open fight, he persuaded the Gauls to try to
starve the Romans out of the country. He planned to destroy all village
stores of grain, and to cut off the smaller bands of soldiers which
wandered from the main army in search of food.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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