IRELAND UNDER THE STUARTS VOL. I. _By the same Author_ IRELAND UNDER THE TUDORS Vols. I. and II.--From the First Invasion of the Northmen to the year 1578. 8vo. 32_s._ Vol. III.--1578-1603. 8vo. 18_s._ LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO. London, New York, Bombay, and Calcutta IRELAND UNDER THE STUARTS AND DURING THE INTERREGNUM BY RICHARD BAGWELL, M.A. AUTHOR OF 'IRELAND UNDER THE TUDORS' VOL. I. 1603-1642 _WITH MAP_ LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON NEW YORK, BOMBAY, AND CALCUTTA 1909 All rights reserved PREFACE These volumes have been written at such times and seasons as could be made available during an active life in Ireland, and this may induce critics to take a merciful view of their many shortcomings. I have been diligent, but there is still much extant manuscript material which I have been unable to use. Ireland is the land of violent and persistent party feeling, and no party will be pleased with the present work, for I hold with an ancient critic that the true function of history is to bring out the facts and not to maintain a thesis. If I am spared to finish the third volume, it will bring the narrative down to the Revolution, and will contain chapters on the Church or Churches and on the social state of Ireland. The dates of all documents relied on have been given, and unless it is otherwise stated they are among the Irish State Papers calendared from 1603 to 1660. Many papers, chiefly, but not exclusively, from the Carte manuscripts, were printed by Sir J. T. Gilbert in the 'Contemporary History of Affairs in Ireland,' or in the 'History of the Confederation and War in Ireland.' As these collections are more generally accessible than the Bodleian Library, I have referred to them as far as they go. The 'Aphorismical Discovery,' which forms the nucleus of the first, is cited under that title, and the narrative of Bellings in the second under his name. The original Carte papers at Oxford have been often consulted, as well as the transcripts in the Public Record Office, while the manuscripts in the British Museum and in Trinity College, Dublin, have not been neglected. In the case of old tracts and newsletters, of which I have read a great many, dates and titles are given.