3. Those who had entered the Roman Catholic confederacy before the peace of 1646. 4. Those who joined the nuncio against the King. 5. Those who having been excommunicated for adhering to the King owned it an offence and were relieved from the ban. 6. Those who derived title from any person guilty of the above crimes. 7. Those who pleaded the articles of peace for their estates. 8. Those who being within the royal quarters during the war communicated with the King's enemies. 9. Those who before the peace of 1646 or 1648 sat in any assembly of the Confederate Roman Catholics, or acted under orders from them. 10. Those who empowered agents to treat with foreign papal powers or brought foreign forces into Ireland. 11. Those who had been woodkernes or tories before Clanricarde left the Government.[19] [Sidenote: Paucity of evidence.] With such a list of disqualifications it would seem hard for any Irish Roman Catholic to prove his innocence within the meaning of the Act. It was at first intended to exclude all who had paid contributions to the rebels, whether voluntary or not, but this was dropped as too manifestly unjust. A strong effort was made to do away with the disqualification from enjoying estates in the enemy's quarters, but against this it was argued that in many cases there was no other applicable test. After twenty years there was little or no direct evidence, and if the presumption from residence was disregarded the great mass of the Irish would be restored, controlling future Parliaments and getting all the seaports into their hands. 'Until the cessation,' Mountrath wrote, 'none but the rebels' friends could live in their quarters, all others were expelled or destroyed'; and this reasoning prevailed. Yet it cannot be doubted that many remained in the Irish quarters only because they had nothing to live upon anywhere else.[20] [Sidenote: Available area insufficient.] [Sidenote: The Doubling Ordinance.]