I FROM EARLY TIMES TO EDWARD I (1272) 1 II EDWARD I TO HENRY VII (1272-1509) 19 III HENRY VIII TO MARY (1509-1558) 28 IV ELIZABETH TO JAMES I (1558-1603) 37 V JAMES I (1603-1625) 55 VI CHARLES I TO THE PROTECTORATE (1625-1660) 61 VII THE RESTORATION (1660) 80 VIII THE REVOLUTION (1688) 86 IX THE PENAL CODE (1695-1727) 91 X ANNE TO THE REVOLUTION OF 1782 (1702-1782) 105 XI THE REVOLUTION OF 1782 AND THE REBELLION OF 1798 121 XII UNION (1801) 148 XIII DANIEL O'CONNELL (1823-1847) 164 XIV GLADSTONE (1868-1893) 191 XV THE PRESENT STATE OF THE QUESTION 204 ACCOUNT OF THE IRISH LAND CODE 227 By HUGH J. MCCANN, B.L., of the Irish Bar. IRISH HISTORY AND THE IRISH QUESTION I Of all histories the history of Ireland is the saddest. For nearly seven centuries it was a course of strife between races, bloodshed, massacre, misgovernment, civil war, oppression, and misery. Hardly even now have the troubles of Ireland come to a close, either for herself or for her partner. Unrest still reigns in her and, embodied in her Parliamentary delegation, harasses the Parliament and distracts the councils of Great Britain.