Iron Making in the Olden Times: as instanced in the Ancient Mines, Forges, and Furnaces of The Forest of DeanNicholls, H. G. (Henry George)
History
Iron Making in the Olden Times: as instanced in the Ancient Mines, Forges, and Furnaces of The Forest of Dean
Nicholls, H. G. (Henry George)
Iron -- History; Iron industry and trade -- England
"Our Lord the King hath a mine in the bailiwick of Magna Dene, and he
takes from each workman who shall gain every three days three semes
of mine ore, 1d. per week. And when a mine is first of all found,
our Lord the King shall have one man working with the other workman
in the mine, and hire him for 2d. a day, and he shall have such
profit as he may find by the one workman. Item, our Lord the King
shall have from thence each week, six semes of mine ore, which is
called 'Lawe ore.' And he shall give for this to the workmen VId. a
week. {22}
"Our Lord the King hath in the bailiwick of the Birs, because there
are there more mines than in the bailiwick of Dene, all as if in the
bailiwick of Dene, this excepted, that he hath from thence each week
XXIV. semes of mine, which is called 'Lawe ore.' And he giveth for
this to the workman, every seven days, 11s."
"Our Lord the King hath in the bailiwick of Staunton a mine, and he
takes from thence, all as if in the bailiwick of Magna Dene, this
excepted, that our Lord the King shall have for each workman that
gains each week three semes of mine ore, .5d. every seven days and
not more.
"Item, if our Lord the King shall have a 'forgeam arrantem,' the
aforesaid workmen shall bring him mine ore for the supply of the
aforesaid forge. And our Lord the King shall give them for each seme
1d.
"Item, our Lord the King shall have for each seme of mine ore that is
taken out of the Forest, .5d.
"And all that our Lord the King takes from the mine are put to farm
for 46 pounds.
"Item, in the bailiwick de Lacu is a mine, and our Lord Richard
Talebat holds it, and it is unknown by what warrant. And our Lord
the King takes nothing from it.
"Item, the Earl of Warwychiae hath a mine in his own wood of
Lideneye, and our Lord the King takes nothing from it, except for the
mine which is carried out of the Forest, a .5d. The jurors say that
the foresters take cooper's stuff out of the open woods from the
miners to the inbondage of the miners, and work it for their own
profit."
From the above curious items it appears that the iron mines, in common
with the forges, were mostly situated on the Wye side of the Forest. But
then the bailiwicks of Little Dean and Ruerdean are not included.
It would appear, too, that the ore was then measured by the bushel, as it
has been ever since, owing, of course, to its loose powdery nature, which
seems, therefore, to have been the sort preferred.
The other singular particulars descriptive of "lawe ore," &c., are
noticed elsewhere, in the second portion of this work, containing the
"Book of Dennis."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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