Irritability : $b a physiological analysis of the general effect of stimuli in living substance — John Shaqi
Irritability : $b a physiological analysis of the general effect of stimuli in living substanceVerworn, Max
Science
Irritability : $b a physiological analysis of the general effect of stimuli in living substance
Verworn, Max
Irritability
factor of this irritability _Glisson_ attributes to the “_perceptio_,”
which he distinguishes as a “_perceptio naturalis_, _sensitiva_ and
_animalis_.” The want of clearness produced here by _Glisson’s_
artificial distinctions and mode of expression is in part removed
if we endeavor to transfer his meaning into our present methods of
thought. This distinction would then simply point out the different
means by which the stimuli can reach the irritable structures. The
“_Perceptio naturalis_” is that which today we should call “direct
response” to stimulation, that is, the excitation of the fiber by
artificial stimuli applied directly to the tissue. _Glisson_ shows
here, that the intestines and muscles in the body immediately after
death and even when removed from the body can be stimulated to movement
by means of corrosive fluids or cold. The “_Perceptio sensitiva_”
is, according to _Glisson_, the excitation of the fibers by external
stimuli which act on the intact body as a whole by way of the sensory
nerves. The “_Perceptio ab appetitu animali regulata_” finally is the
excitation by inner stimuli proceeding from the brain. The _Perceptio
naturalis_ is possessed by all parts of the body, even the fluids,
the bones and the fat. All of them are irritable. But a “vitale” and
a special “animal” irritability they do not possess to a perceptible
degree. These forms of irritability belong only to the special parts
of the body. Here, however, the distinctions made by _Glisson_, are
quite vague and contradictory. In his “_Tractatus de ventriculo et
intestinis_” _Glisson_ sharply distinguishes the “_sensatio_” from the
“_perceptio_.” The perceptio in itself is not a sensation, for although
individual organs of the body are irritable, as they all possess a
“perceptio,” they are not in themselves sensitive. The “_sensatio_,”
the sensation, only arises when the external “_perceptio_” of the
individual organs combine through the nerves with the internal
“perceptio” of the brain. “_Nisi enim percepto externa ab interna simul
percipiatur, non est cognitio sensitiva completa._” Sensitivity is,
therefore, a special faculty, that is only based upon irritability.
[1] _Franciscus Glissonius_: “Tractatus de natura substantiæ
energetica seu de vita natura ejusque tribus primis facultatibus
perceptiva, appetitiva, motiva,” etc. Londini M D C L XXII.
[2] _Franciscus Glissonius_: “Tractatus de ventriculo et intestinis
cui præmittitur alius de partibus continentibus in genere et in
specie de iis abdominis.” Amstelodami M D C L XXVII.
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