But we shall see this more clearly in considering the question of consciousness and will 220 We shall see that, as far as science can inform us, man is nothing but an automaton 220 But the positive school are afraid to admit this 221 And not daring to meet the question, they make a desperate effort to confuse it 222 Two problems are involved in the matter: 1st. How is brain action connected with consciousness 223 2nd. Is the consciousness that is connected with it something separable from, and independent of it 223 The first of these problems has no bearing at all on any moral or religious question. It is insoluble. It leaves us not in doubt but in ignorance 224 The doubt, and the religious question is connected solely with the second problem 228 To which there are two alternative solutions 228 And modern science is so confused that it will accept neither 228 As Dr. Tyndall's treatment of the subject very forcibly shows us 230 And Dr. Tyndall in this way is a perfect representative of the whole modern positive school 231 Let us compare the molecules of the brain to the six moving billiard-balls 231 The question is, are these movements due to the stroke of one cue or of two 233 The positive school profess to answer this question both ways 234 But this profession is nonsense 236 What they really mean is, 1st. That the connection of consciousness with matter is a mystery; as to _that_ they _can_ give no answer. 2nd. That as to whether consciousness is wholly a material thing or no, they _will_ give no answer 237 But why are they in this state of suspense? 238 Though their system does not in the least require the hypothesis of an immaterial element in consciousness 239 They see that the moral value of life does 239 The same reasons that will warrant their saying it _may_ exist, will constrain them to say it _must_ 240 Physical science, with its proofs, can say nothing in the matter, either as to will, immortality, or God 242 But, on the other hand, it will force us, if we believe in will, to admit the reality of miracles 243