IS ULSTER RIGHT? A STATEMENT OF THE QUESTION AT ISSUE BETWEEN ULSTER AND THE NATIONALIST PARTY, AND OF THE REASONS--HISTORICAL, POLITICAL, AND FINANCIAL--WHY ULSTER IS JUSTIFIED IN OPPOSING HOME RULE BY AN IRISHMAN LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W. 1913 CONTENTS. Preface Chapter I. The Ulster Covenant. The Questions Stated. Ireland under the Celts and the Danes II. Ireland from the time of Henry II to the time of Henry VIII III. Ireland under the Tudors IV. The Seventeenth Century, until the end of the reign of James II V. The period of the Penal Laws VI. The earlier part of the reign of George III. The acquisition of independence by the Irish Parliament VII. The independent Parliament. The Regency Question. The commencement of the Rebellion VIII. The Rebellion IX. The Union X. The period from the Union until the rejection of the first Home Rule Bill XI. The Unionist Government of 1886 XII. The Gladstonian Government of 1892. The Political Societies XIII. Ireland under the present Government XIV. Criticism of the Bill now before the Country XV. The danger to the Empire of any form of Home Rule. The Questions answered Index PREFACE. In the following chapters I have endeavoured to lay before ordinary readers a simple statement of the present position of the Irish question. Following the maxim of Confucius that it is well "to study the Past if you would divine the Future," I have first shown that the tales which are told about the glories of the ancient Celtic Kingdom are foolish dreams, not supported by the accounts given by contemporary annalists or the investigations of modern writers, and that Ireland never was a nation in the political sense, with the possible exception of the few years between 1782 and 1800, during which the Irish Parliament was independent; that the charges made against the English government with reference to their action between the "Conquest" by Henry II and the assumption of the title of King by Henry VIII are baseless; and that though there is much which the historian must look back upon with regret in the period between the reign of Henry VIII and the passing of the Act of Union, it is mere waste of time now to dwell on the wrongs of a former age which have long since passed away and which in any other country would be forgotten. Then I have traced the brief history of the independent Parliament, and shown that whatever may have been its virtues or its failings, it would be impossible to revive it now; all the circumstances of the country have changed. I have striven also to make it clear that the Nationalists of to-day are not the representatives of the leaders of that Parliament but of the party which fought against it and brought on the horrors of the Rebellion; that the Union was a political necessity, if the connection between the British Islands was to be maintained at all; and that if the people of Ireland