Aware of the many false teachings attributed by the Roman Church to the Creator, we prefer disbelieving the latter assertion. The famous Catholic theologian, Tillemont, assures us in his work that “all the illustrious Pagans are condemned to the eternal torments of hell, _because_ they lived before the time of Jesus, and, therefore, could not be benefited by the redemption!!” He also assures us that the Virgin Mary personally testified to this truth over her own signature in a letter to a saint. Therefore, this is also a revelation--“the Spirit of God Himself” teaching such charitable doctrines. We have also read with great advantage the topographical descriptions of _Hell and Purgatory_ in the celebrated treatise under that name by a Jesuit, the Cardinal Bellarmin. A critic found that the author, who gives the description from a _divine_ vision with which he was favored, “appears to possess all the knowledge of a land-measurer” about the secret tracts and formidable divisions of the “bottomless pit.” Justin Martyr having actually committed to paper the heretical thought that after all Socrates might not be altogether fixed in hell, his Benedictine editor criticises this too benevolent father very severely. Whoever doubts the Christian charity of the Church of Rome in this direction is invited to peruse the _Censure_ of the Sorbonne, on Marmontel’s _Belisarius_. The _odium theologicum_ blazes in it on the dark sky of orthodox theology like an aurora borealis--the precursor of God’s wrath, according to the teaching of certain mediæval divines. We have attempted in the first part of this work to show, by historical examples, how completely men of science have deserved the stinging sarcasm of the late Professor de Morgan, who remarked of them that “they wear the priest’s cast-off garb, dyed to escape detection.” The Christian clergy are, in like manner, attired in the cast-off garb of the _heathen_ priesthood; acting diametrically in opposition to their _God’s_ moral precepts, but nevertheless, sitting in judgment over the whole world.