Produced by Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive.) Japan and The California Problem By T. Iyenaga, Ph.D. Professorial Lecturer in the Department of Political Science, University of Chicago and Kenoske Sato, M.A. Formerly Fellow in the University of Chicago G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The Knickerbocker Press 1921 Copyright, 1921 by G. P. Putnam's Sons _Printed in the United States of America_ CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I INTRODUCTORY 3 CHAPTER II JAPANESE TRAITS AND PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE 9 Emotional Nature--Æsthetic Temperament--Group Consciousness-- Adaptable Disposition--Spirit of Proletarian Chivalry-- Philosophy of Life--New Turn in Thought. CHAPTER III JAPAN'S ASIATIC POLICY 33 Korean Situation--Policy of Self-Preservation--Shantung Settlement--Coöperation with China--Understanding with America--Japan's Proper Sphere of Activity. CHAPTER IV BACKGROUND OF JAPANESE EMIGRATION 50 Causes of Emigration and Immigration--Japan's Land Area-- Agriculture--Population--Industry--Social Factors. CHAPTER V ATTEMPTS AT EMIGRATION: RESULTS 64 Australia--Canada--South America--The United States--Results. CHAPTER VI CAUSES OF ANTI-JAPANESE AGITATION 75 Modern Civilization--Various Attitudes Towards Japanese-- Psychological Nature of the Cause--Chinese Agitation Inherited--Local Polities--"Yellow Peril"--Propaganda-- Racial Difference--Japanese Nationality--Modern Nationalism-- Congestion in California--Fear and Envy Incited by Japanese Progress--Summary. CHAPTER VII FACTS ABOUT THE JAPANESE IN CALIFORNIA--POPULATION AND BIRTH RATE 90 Number of Japanese in California--Immigration--"Gentlemen's Agreement"--Smuggling--Birth Rate--What we May Expect in the Future. CHAPTER VIII FACTS ABOUT THE JAPANESE IN CALIFORNIA--FARMERS AND ALIEN LAND LAWS 120 History of Japanese Agriculture in California--Causes of Progress--Japanese Farm Labor--Japanese Farmers--Anti-Alien Land Laws--Land Laws of Japan--Effect of the Initiative Bill. CHAPTER IX ASSIMILATION 148