Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph Cooper, Diane Monico, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 12, No. 12, pp. 521-551, 22 figs. October 25, 1963 Jaw Musculature Of the Mourning and White-winged Doves BY ROBERT L. MERZ UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1963 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Henry S. Fitch, Theodore H. Eaton, Jr. Volume 12, No. 12, pp. 521-551, 22 figs. Published October 25, 1963 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED BY JEAN M. NEIBARGER, STATE PRINTER TOPEKA, KANSAS 1963 29-7865 Jaw Musculature Of the Mourning and White-winged Doves BY ROBERT L. MERZ For some time many investigators have thought that the genus _Zenaida_, which includes the White-winged and Zenaida doves, and the genus _Zenaidura_, which includes the Mourning, Eared, and Socorro doves (Peters, 1937:83-88), are closely related, perhaps more closely than is indicated by separating the several species into two genera. It is the purpose of this paper to report investigations on the musculature of the jaw of doves with the hope that, together with the results of other studies, the relationships of the genera _Zenaida_ and _Zenaidura_ can be elucidated. METHODS AND MATERIALS In order to determine in each species the normal pattern of musculature of the jaws, heads of 13 specimens of doves were dissected (all material is in the Museum of Natural History of The University of Kansas): White-winged Doves (_Zenaida asiatica_), 40323, 40324, 40328, 40392, 40393; Zenaida Doves (_Z. aurita_), 40399, 40400; Mourning Doves (_Zenaidura macroura_), 40326, 40394, 40395, 40396, 40397, 40398. Thirty-seven skulls from the collection of the Museum of Natural History of The University of Kansas and two skulls from the United States National Museum were measured. The measurements are on file in the Library of The University of Kansas in a dissertation deposited there by me in 1963 in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Zoology. Specimens used were: White-winged Doves, KU 19141, 19142, 19143, 19144, 19145, 19146, 19147, 23138, 23139, 24337, 24339, 24341, 23592, 23593, 24340, 31025, 31276; Mourning Doves, KU 14018, 14781, 15347, 15533, 15547, 15550, 15662, 15778, 15872, 16466, 17782, 17786, 17788, 17795, 19153, 19242, 20321, 21669, 22394, 22715; Eared Doves (_Zenaidura auriculata_), USNM 227496, 318381. Additionally, the skulls of the Zenaida Doves mentioned above were measured. All measurements were made with a dial caliper and read to tenths of a millimeter. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My appreciation is extended to Professor Richard F. Johnston, who advised me during the course of this study, and to Professors A. Byron Leonard and Theodore H. Eaton for critically reading the manuscript.