The results obtained by this method were most marked and beautiful.
Previous to the administration of the poison both halves of the
Medusa were of course contracting vigorously, waves of contractile
influence now running from the half in the beaker to the half in
the basin, and now _vice versâ_. But after the half in the beaker
had become effectually poisoned by the curare, all motion in it
completely ceased, the other, or unpoisoned half, continuing to
contract independently. I now stimulated the poisoned half by nipping
a portion of its margin with the forceps. Nothing could be more
decided than the result. It will be remembered that when any part
of Staurophora laciniata is pinched with the forceps or otherwise
irritated, the motion of the whole body which ensues is totally
different from that of an ordinary locomotor contraction--all parts
folding together in one very strong and long-protracted systole,
after which the diastole is very much slower than usual. Well, on
nipping any portion of the poisoned half of Staurophora laciniata,
this half remained absolutely motionless, while the unpoisoned half,
though far away from the seat of irritation, immediately ceased its
normal contractions, and folded itself together in the very peculiar
and distinctive manner just described. This observation was repeated
a number of times, and, when once the requisite strength of the
curare solution had been obtained, always with the same result. The
most suitable strength I found to be 1 in 2500, in which solution the
poisoned half required to soak for half an hour.
I also tried the effect of this poison on the covered-eyed Medusæ,
and have fairly well satisfied myself that its peculiar influence is
likewise observable in the case of this group, although not in nearly
so well-marked a manner.
It has further to be stated that when the poisoned half is again
restored to normal sea-water, the effects of curare pass off with
the same rapidity as is observable in the case of the other poisons
which I have tried. Thus, although an exposure of half an hour to the
influence of curare of the strength named is requisite to destroy the
motor power in the case of Staurophora laciniata, half a minute is
sufficient to ensure its incipient return when the animal is again
immersed in unpoisoned water.
It is also to be observed that a very slight degree of
_over_-poisoning paralyzes the transmitting system as well as the
responding one; so that if any one should repeat my observation, I
must warn him against drawing erroneous conclusions from this fact.
Let him use weak solutions with prolonged soaking, and by watching
when the voluntary motions in the poisoned half first cease, he need
experience no difficulty in obtaining results as decided as it is
possible for him to desire.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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