Moreover, the workings of the Holy Spirit continued long after the completion of the Biblical canon. All the chief institutions of the Synagogue originally claimed that they were prompted by the Holy Spirit, resting upon the leaders of the community. This claim was basic to the authority of tradition and the continuity of the authority of Jewish lore. It seems, however, that certain abuses were caused by miracle-workers who disseminated false doctrines under the alleged inspiration of the Holy Spirit. Therefore the rabbis restricted such claims to ancient times and insisted more strongly than ever upon the preservation of the traditional lore. For a time a substitute was found in the _Bath Kol_ (“Echo” or “Whisper of a heavenly voice”), but this also was soon discredited by the schools.(608) Obviously the rabbis desired to avert the deification of either the Holy Spirit or the Word. Sound common sense was their norm for interpreting the truth of the divine revelation. In other words, they relied on God alone as the living force in the development of Judaism. 6. But some sort of mediation was ascribed to several other spiritual forces. First, the _Name_ of God often takes the place of God himself.(609) When the name of the Deity was called over some hallowed spot, the worshipers felt that the presence of God also was bound up with the sacred place.(610) “My name is in him,” says God of the angel whom He sends to lead the people.(611) The invocation of the name was believed to have an actual influence upon the Deity. Furthermore, since God is frequently represented as swearing by His own name,(612) this ineffable name was invested with magic powers, as if God himself dwelt therein.(613) Thus it came to be used as a talisman by the popular saints.(614) Indeed, God is described as conjuring the depths of the abyss by His holy name, lest they overflow their boundaries.(615) Moreover, the Name, like the Word, or Logos, was regarded as a creative power, so that we are told that before the world was created there were only God and His holy Name.(616) Owing to the introduction of _Adonai_ (the Lord) for JHVH, the pronunciation of the Name fell into oblivion and the Name itself became a mystery; therefore its cosmic element also was lost and it dropped into the sphere of mystic and philosophical speculation.