Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven LecturesVivekananda, Swami
Religion
Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven Lectures
Vivekananda, Swami
Vedanta; Yoga, Jñana
According to this system all souls will regain their freedom and
their natural rights, which are omnipotence and omniscience. Here
the question may be asked, whence is this bondage of the souls? The
_Sânkhya_ says it is without beginning, but if it be without beginning
it must also be without end, and we shall never be free. Kapila
explains that this “without beginning” means not in a constant line.
Nature is without beginning and without end, but not in the same sense
as is the soul, because Nature has no individuality, just as a river
flowing by us is every moment getting a fresh body of water, and the
sum total of all these bodies of water is the river, so the river is
not a constant quantity. Similarly everything in Nature is constantly
changing, but the soul never changes. Therefore as Nature is always
changing, it is possible for the soul to come out of its bondage. One
theory of the _Sânkhya_ is peculiar to this psychology. The whole
of the universe is built upon the same plan as one single man, or
one little being; so, just as I have a mind, there is also a cosmic
mind. When this macrocosm evolves there must be first intelligence,
then egoism, then the _tanmâtras_ and the organs, and then the gross
elements. The whole universe according to Kapila is one body, all that
we see are the grosser bodies, and behind these are the finer bodies,
and behind them, a universal egoism, and behind that a universal
Intelligence, but all this is _in_ Nature, all this is manifestation
of Nature, not outside of Nature. Each one of us is a part of that
cosmic consciousness. There is a sum-total of intelligence out of
which we draw what we require, so there is a sum-total of mental force
in the universe out of which we are drawing eternally, but the seed
for the body must come from the parents. The theory includes heredity
and reincarnation too. The material is given to the soul out of which
to manufacture a body, but that material is given by hereditary
transmission from the parents.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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