Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven LecturesVivekananda, Swami
Religion
Jnâna Yoga, Part II: Seven Lectures
Vivekananda, Swami
Vedanta; Yoga, Jñana
In man, this matter takes the form which we call brain. Wherever there
is intelligence there must be matter in some form or other. But that
intelligence itself is a compound. What then is this _Purusha_? It
is neither intelligence nor _buddhi_ (will), but yet it is the cause
of both these; it is His presence that sets them all vibrating and
combining. _Purusha_ may be likened to some of these substances which
by their mere presence promote chemical reaction, as in the case of
cyanide of potassium which is added when gold is being smelted. The
cyanide of potassium remains separate and unaffected, but its presence
is absolutely necessary to the success of the process. So with the
_Purusha_. It does not mix with Nature: it is not Intelligence, or
_Mahat_, or any one of these, but the Self, the Pure, the Perfect. “I
am the Witness, and through My witnessing, Nature is producing all
that is sentient and all that is insentient.” (Gita IX. 10.)
What is this sentiency in Nature? The basis of sentiency is in the
_Purusha_, is the nature of the _Purusha_. It is that which cannot be
spoken, but which is the material of all that we call knowledge. This
_Purusha_ is not consciousness, because consciousness is a compound,
but whatever is light and goodness in this consciousness belongs to It.
Sentiency is in the _Purusha_, but the _Purusha_ is not intelligent,
not knowing, it is knowledge itself. The _Chit_ in the _Purusha_, plus
_Prakriti_, is what is known to us as intelligence and consciousness.
Whatever is pleasure and happiness and light in the universe belongs
to the _Purusha_, but it is a compound because it is that _Purusha_
plus Nature. “Wherever there is any happiness, wherever there is any
bliss, there is one spark of that immortality, which is _Purusha_.”
This _Purusha_ is the great attraction of the universe, untouched by,
and unconnected with the universe, yet it attracts the whole universe.
You see a man going after gold, because therein is a spark of the
_Purusha_, even though he knows it not. When a man desires children,
or a woman a husband, what is the attracting power? That spark of
_Purusha_ behind the child or wife, behind everything. It is there,
only overlaid with matter. Nothing else can attract. “In this world of
insentiency that _Purusha_ alone is sentient.” This is the _Purusha_
of the _Sânkhyas_. As such it necessarily follows that this _Purusha_
must be omnipresent. That which is not omnipresent must be limited.
All limitations are caused; that which is caused must have beginning
and end. If the _Purusha_ is limited it will die, will not be final,
will not be free, but will have been caused. Therefore if not limited,
it is omnipresent. According to Kapila there are many _Purushas_, not
one. An infinite number of them, you are one, I am one, each is one;
an infinite number of circles, each one infinite, running through this
universe. The _Purusha_ is neither born nor dies. It is neither mind
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