Johann Sebastian Bach: The Organist and His Works for the OrganPirro, André
History
Johann Sebastian Bach: The Organist and His Works for the Organ
Pirro, André
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 1685-1750; Composers -- Germany -- Biography
Frescobaldi was not destined to depart from the footsteps of such
illustrious predecessors; desiring to pursue further the studies for
which he had acquired a taste from Milleville, he, too, set out for
Flanders while still young.[9] The exact date of that journey has
never been determined; it seems probable that it was in the year
1607. For in that year Cardinal Guido Bentivoglio, archbishop of
Rhodes and legate of Pope Paul V., was sent to the Netherlands (Guido
Bentivoglio was born at Ferrara in 1579); and, moreover, on January
10, 1608, Frescobaldi dedicated to him one of his finest works, a
collection of five-part madrigals, which was published by Peter
Phalesius in Antwerp. Again, it would not be strange if Frescobaldi,
in 1607, had followed to another country a compatriot whom he
regarded as his protector. According to Fétis (preface to _Trésor
des Pianistes_, by Farrenc), Frescobaldi occupied from this time the
position of organist at the Church of St.-Rombaut, in Malines.
[Footnote 9: Peter Phillipps and Peter Cornet were the best-known
organists in the Netherlands. One may judge of their works by the
excerpts in G.A. Ritter's _Geschichte des Orgelspiels_ (Leipzig,
1884), Nos. 28, 30, 31, and 32 (2d part).]
But he did not retain this position long, for in 1608 we find him
again in Milan. From this time the events of his life are unknown
until 1614, when upon the death of Ercole Pasquini, organist of St.
Peter's in Rome, Frescobaldi became his successor. If we may believe
Abbé Baini, the fame of Frescobaldi was already so widespread that
upon the day when he assumed his new duties he played to thirty
thousand people.
Musical criticism at the time, represented by Della Valle and Lelio
Guidiccioni, records that while his style was less profound, it was
more elastic and agreeable than that of his predecessors. Such a
criticism, especially coming from Guidiccioni, who was most exacting
upon the subject of technique,[10] would indicate that Frescobaldi
possessed a genuine advantage over his contemporaries. At the present
day one would say that he played the organ with a pianist's touch;
if one replace this criticism in its historic frame, one may imagine
the continuous use of trills, scales, mordents and appoggiaturas: an
inheritance from the German "colorists." While perhaps a mistaken
usage, how else could one have made one's self heard throughout the
immense nave of St. Peter's, upon an organ of fourteen registers,
with but one manual and an incomplete pedal? Boldness and dash, that
which we understand by _brio_, had to compensate for paucity of tone.
[Footnote 10: Luzzasco Luzzaschi, whose compositions were for that
time of great value, was charged by Guidiccioni with inability
to play trills and to bring out in relief the details of the
counterpoint, which were blurred under a hard, heavy touch.]
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