In one circuit, the judges thinking it improper to act under this statute in their judicial capacity, for the reason above-named, consented from charitable motives to serve as “commissioners.”[27] In the Pennsylvania circuit, the three judges wrote, in a letter to the President, that “on a late painful occasion” they had held the law invalid; and they now stated the matter to him, as being the person charged with the duty of “taking care that the laws be faithfully executed.” They assured him that while this judicial action of disregarding an act of Congress had been necessary, it was far from pleasant. The judges of another circuit, before which no case had come, wrote a similar letter to the President, declaring their reasons for thinking the law invalid. In this same year, 1792, the Pennsylvania case came regularly up to the Supreme Court, and was argued there.[28] This might have produced a decision, but none was ever given; and in the next year a change in the statute provided relief for the pension claimants in another way. It is to be remarked, then, that this matter resulted in no decision by the Supreme Court of the United States on the question of the constitutionality of the pension act; it produced only a decision at one of the circuits, and informal expressions of opinion from most of the judges. These non-judicial communications of opinion to the President seem, as has been said, to have proceeded on the theory of furnishing information to one whose official duty it was to see that the fundamental law was faithfully carried out; just as “Councils of Revision,” established by the constitutions of Pennsylvania and Vermont, were to report periodically as to infractions of the constitution.