* * * * * I give at the end of this Introduction a Glossary of the chief philosophical terms used by Kant; I have tried to render them by the same English equivalents all through the work, in order to preserve, as far as may be, the exactness of expression in the original. I am conscious that this makes the translation clumsy in many places, but have thought it best to sacrifice elegance to precision. This course is the more necessary to adopt, as Kant cannot be understood unless his nice verbal distinctions be attended to. Thus _real_ means quite a different thing from _wirklich_; _Hang_ from _Neigung_; _Rührung_ from _Affekt_ or _Leidenschaft_; _Anschauung_ from _Empfindung_ or _Wahrnehmung_; _Endzweck_ from _letzter Zweck_; _Idee_ from _Vorstellung_; _Eigenschaft_ from _Attribut_ or _Beschaffenheit_; _Schranke_ from _Grenze_; _überreden_ from _überzeugen_, etc. I am not satisfied with “gratification” and “grief” as the English equivalents for _Vergnügen_ and _Schmerz_; but it is necessary to distinguish these words from _Lust_ and _Unlust_, and “mental pleasure,” “mental pain,” which would nearly hit the sense, are awkward. Again, the constant rendering of _schön_ by beautiful involves the expression “beautiful art” instead of the more usual phrase “fine art.” _Purposive_ is an ugly word, but it has come into use lately; and its employment enables us to preserve the connexion between _Zweck_ and _zweckmässig_. I have printed _Judgement_ with a capital letter when it signifies the _faculty_, with a small initial when it signifies the _act_, of judging. And in like manner I distinguish _Objekt_ from _Gegenstand_, by printing the word “Object,” when it represents the former, with a large initial. The text I have followed is, in the main, that printed by Hartenstein; but occasionally Rosenkranz preserves the better reading. All important variants between the First and Second Editions have been indicated at the foot of the page. A few notes have been added, which are enclosed in square brackets, to distinguish them from those which formed part of the original work. I have in general quoted Kant’s _Introduction to Logic_ and _Critique of Practical Reason_ in Dr. Abbott’s translations. My best thanks are due to Rev. J. H. Kennedy and Mr. F. Purser for much valuable aid during the passage of this translation through the press. And I am under even greater obligations to Mr. Mahaffy, who was good enough to read through the whole of the proof; by his acute and learned criticisms many errors have been avoided. Others I have no doubt still remain, but for these I must be accounted alone responsible. J. H. BERNARD. TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, _May 24, 1892_. * * * * *