Keats, John, 1795-1821; Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography
"By chance our conversation turned on the idea of a comic faery poem
in the Spenser stanza, and I was glad to encourage it. He had not
composed many stanzas before he proceeded in it with spirit. It was to
be published under the feigned authorship of 'Lucy Vaughan Lloyd,' and
to bear the title of the _Cap and Bells_, or, which he preferred, the
_Jealousies_. This occupied his mornings pleasantly. He wrote it with
the greatest facility; in one instance I remember having copied (for I
copied as he wrote) as many as twelve stanzas before dinner[59]."
Excellent friend as Brown was to Keats, he was not the most judicious
adviser in matters of literature, and the attempt made in the _Cap and
Bells_ to mingle with the strain of fairy fancy a strain of worldly
flippancy and satire was one essentially alien to Keats's nature. As long
as health and spirits lasted, he was often full, as we have seen, of
pleasantry and nonsense: but his wit was essentially amiable[60], and he
was far too tender-hearted ever to be a satirist. Moreover the spirit of
poetry in him was too intense and serious to work hand-in-hand with the
spirit of banter, as poetry and banter had gone hand-in-hand in some of
the metrical romances of the Italian Renaissance, and again, with
unprecedented dexterity and brilliance, in the early cantos of _Don
Juan_. It was partly the influence of the facetious Brown, who was a great
student of Pulci and Boiardo, partly that of his own recent Italian
studies, and partly the dazzling example of Byron's success, that now
induced Keats to make an attempt in the same dual strain. Having already
employed the measure most fit for such an attempt, the _ottava rima_ of
the Italians, in his serious poem of _Isabella_, he now, by what seems an
odd technical perversity, adopted for his comic poem the grave Spenserian
stanza, with its sustained and involved rhymes and its long-drawn close.
Working thus in a vein not truly his own, and hampered moreover by his
choice of metre, Keats nevertheless manages his transitions from grave to
gay with a light hand, and the movement of the _Cap and Bells_ has much of
his characteristic suppleness and grace. In other respects the poem is not
a success. The story, which appears to have been one of his own and
Brown's invention, turned on the perverse loves of a fairy emperor and a
fairy princess of the East. The two are unwillingly betrothed, each being
meanwhile enamoured of a mortal. The eighty-eight stanzas, which were all
that Keats wrote of the poem, only carry us as far as the flight of the
emperor Elfinan for England, which takes place at the moment when his
affianced bride alights from her aerial journey to his capital. Into the
Elfinan part of the story Keats makes it clear that he meant somehow to
weave in the same tale which had been in his mind when he began the
fragment of _St Mark's Eve_ at the beginning of the year,--the tale of an
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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