Keats, John, 1795-1821; Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography
English Bertha living in a minster city and beguiled in some way through
the reading of a magic book. With this and other purely fanciful elements
of the story are mixed up satirical allusions to the events of the day.
It was in this year, 1819, that the quarrels between the Prince Regent and
his wife were drawing to a head: the public mind was full of the subject:
and the general sympathy was vehemently aroused on the side of the
scandalous lady in opposition to her thrice scandalous husband. The
references to these royal quarrels and intrigues in the _Cap and Bells_
are general rather than particular, although here and there individual
names and characters are glanced at: as when 'Esquire Biancopany' stands
manifestly, as Mr Forman has pointed out, for Whitbread. But the social
and personal satire of the piece is in truth aimless and weak enough. As
Keats had not the heart, so neither had he the worldly experience, for
this kind of work; and beside the blaze of the Byronic wit and devilry his
raillery seems but child's play. Where the fun is of the purely fanciful
and fairy kind, he shows abundance of adroitness and invention, and in
passages not humorous is sometimes really himself, his imagination
becoming vivid and alert, and his style taking on its own happy light and
colour,--but seldom for more than a stanza or half-stanza at a time.
Besides his morning task in Brown's company on the _Cap and Bells_, Keats
had other work on hand during this November and December. "In the
evenings," writes Brown, "at his own desire, he occupied a separate
apartment, and was deeply engaged in re-modelling the fragment of
_Hyperion_ into the form of a Vision." The result of this attempt, which
has been preserved, is of a singular and pathetic interest in Keats's
history. We have seen how, in the previous August, he had grown
discontented with the style and diction of _Hyperion_, as being too
artificial and Miltonic. Now, in the decline of his powers, he took the
poem up again[61], and began to re-write and greatly amplify it; partly,
it would seem, through a mere relapse into his old fault of overloading,
partly through a desire to give expression to thoughts and feelings which
were pressing on his mind. His new plan was to relate the fall of the
Titans, not, as before, in direct narrative, but in the form of a vision
revealed and interpreted to him by a goddess of the fallen race. The
reader remembers how he had broken off his work on _Hyperion_ at the point
where Mnemosyne is enkindling the brain of Apollo with the inspiration of
her ancient wisdom. Following a clue which he had found in a Latin book of
mythology he had lately bought[62], he now identifies this Greek
Mnemosyne, the mother of the Muses, with the Roman Moneta; and (being
possibly also aware that the temple of Juno Moneta on the Capitol at Rome
was not far from that of Saturn) makes his Mnemosyne-Moneta the priestess
and guardian of Saturn's temple. His vision takes him first into a grove
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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