Keats, John, 1795-1821; Poets, English -- 19th century -- Biography
"the pillowy silkiness that rests
Full in the speculation of the stars:"--
"Or the quaint mossiness of aged roots:"--
"Ere I can have explored its widenesses."[23]
The only other distinguishing marks of Keats's diction in this first
volume consist, I think, in the use of the Miltonic 'sphery,' and of an
unmeaning coinage of his own, 'boundly,' with a habit--for which Milton,
Spenser, and among the moderns Leigh Hunt all alike furnished him the
example--of turning nouns into verbs and verbs into nouns at his
convenience. For the rest, Keats writes in the ordinary English of his
day, with much more feeling for beauty of language than for correctness,
and as yet without any formed or assured poetic style. Single lines and
passages declare, indeed, abundantly his vital poetic faculty and
instinct. But they are mixed up with much that only illustrates his
crudity of taste, and the tendency he at this time shared with Leigh Hunt
to mistake the air of chatty, trivial gusto for an air of poetic ease and
grace.
In the matter of metre, we can see Keats in these poems making a
succession of experiments for varying the regularity of the heroic
couplet. In the colloquial _Epistles_, addressed severally to G. F.
Mathew, to his brother George, and to Cowden Clarke, he contents himself
with the use of frequent disyllabic rhymes, and an occasional
_enjambement_ or 'overflow.' In the _Specimen of an Induction to a Poem_,
and in the fragment of the poem itself, entitled _Calidore_ (a name
borrowed from the hero of Spenser's sixth book,) as well as in the unnamed
piece beginning 'I stood tiptoe upon a little hill,' which opens the
volume, he further modifies the measure by shortening now and then the
second line of the couplet, with a lyric beat that may have been caught
either from Spenser's nuptial odes or Milton's _Lycidas_,--
"Open afresh your round of starry folds,
Ye ardent marigolds."
In _Sleep and Poetry_, which is the most personal and interesting, as well
as probably the last-written, poem in the volume, Keats drops this
practice, but in other respects varies the rhythm far more boldly, making
free use of the overflow, placing his full pauses at any point in a line
rather than at the end, and adopting as a principle rather than an
exception the Chaucerian and Elizabethan fashion of breaking the couplet
by closing a sentence or paragraph with its first line.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account