4(3) Spores 8 (occasionally 4) in an ascus, colourless, purple or brown. 5 - Spores more than 8 in an ascus, colourless. 77 5(4) Spores remaining colourless. 6 - Spores purple or brown at maturity. 39 6(5) Apothecia with obvious hairs. 7 - Apothecia without obvious hairs (microscopic hairs up to 50µm long may be present). 14 7(6) Hairs brown. Apothecia orange, red orange or yellow orange. (_Cheilymenia_, fig. 1) 8 - Hairs colourless. Apothecia colourless or pinkish. (_Lasiobolus_, fig. 3) 12 8(7) Apothecia with stellate hairs. Spores 14-20 × 8-11µm. _Cheilymenia stercorea_ (figs 1, 2) - Apothecia without stellate hairs. 9 9(8) Spores 14.5-18 × 8-9.5µm. Asci 10-13µm diam. Apothecia 2mm diam. or more. _Cheilymenia coprinaria_ - Spores larger, 17 × 10µm or more. 10 10(9) Apothecia reddish orange, up to 1mm diam., marginal hairs rooting, wall 2-4µm thick. Spores 21-26 × 10-13.8µm. _Cheilymenia fimicola_ - Apothecia pale orange yellow, marginal hairs superficial, wall up to 2µm thick. 11 11(10) Asci up to 22µm diam. Spores 17-27 × 10-14.5µm. _Cheilymenia pulcherrima_ - Asci wider, 25µm diam. or more. Spores 23-26.5 × 13-16.5µm. _Cheilymenia raripila_ [Illustration: FIG. 1. _Cheilymenia stercorea_, apothecium.] [Illustration: FIG. 2. _C. stercorea_, stellate and rooted hairs.] [Illustration: FIG. 3. _Lasiobolus ciliatus_, apothecium.] [Illustration: FIG. 4. _Iodophanus carneus_, apothecium and spore.] 12(7) Hairs 600µm or longer. Spores 19-23 × 7-10µm. _Lasiobolus macrotrichus_ - Hairs shorter, up to 600µm. 13 13(12) Asci clavate, 20µm diam. or wider. Spores 19-22 × 10.5-13.5µm. _Lasiobolus cuniculi_ - Asci cylindrical, up to 20µm diam. Spores 18-22.5 × 9.5-11.5µm. _Lasiobolus ciliatus_ (fig. 3) 14(6) Asci blue in iodine solution. 15 - Asci not blue in iodine. 24