159(158) Gymnothecia yellow to yellow-brown, without elongated appendages but with thick-walled branches, few of which are pointed. Ascospores globose-ellipsoid, yellow to brownish, 3-4.5 × 3.5µm. _Gymnoascus reesii_ (fig. 43) - Gymnothecia golden yellow to reddish-brown, with acute-ended appendages. Ascospores lenticular, smooth, hyaline, 2.5-3.5 × 2-2.5µm. _Pseudogymnoascus roseus_ 160(155) Gymnothecia orange brown, with comb-like appendages. Ascospores slightly lenticular, pale orange, 3.3-3.6 × 2-2.6µm. _Ctenomyces serratus_ (fig. 44) - Gymnothecia whitish to pale ochraceous, particularly when dry, with few appendages but those present twisted and bent, and their branches constricted with regular or irregular dumb-bell shaped cells. Hyphal walls asperulate or with protuberances. Ascospores smooth, lenticular, hyaline, 2.4-3.3 × 2µm. _Arthroderma curreyi_ (fig. 45) 161(150) Asci relatively large, 100-200-spored, 1-3/fruit body. 'Cleistothecia' minute, <100 (rarely <250)µm diam., immersed. see _Thelebolus_ etc. (Key 1, 86) - Asci with 8 or fewer spores. 162 162(161) Ascospores purple at maturity, large, 50-70 × 25-35µm, epispore with a few longitudinal cracks. see _Ascobolus immersus_ (Key 1, 48) - Ascospores smaller, hyaline, yellow, olivaceous, brown or black. 163 163(162) Ascospores olivaceous, brown or black, at least in part. 164 - Ascospores aseptate, hyaline, yellow or other pale colours. 174 164(163) Ascospores 4-celled (cf. _Sporormiella_), with germ slits, readily fragmenting. Asci clavate, bitunicate. Cleistothecia black, shiny, up to 500µm diam. 165 - Ascospores 1- or 2-celled. 166 165(164) Ascus stalk up to 20µm long. Ascospores 25-32 × 5µm. _Preussia vulgaris_ - Ascus stalk 30-60µm long. Ascospores 26-38 × 5-7µm. _Preussia funiculata_ (fig. 47) 166(164) Ascospores 2-celled. 167 - Ascospores 1-celled. 170