view substantially fair and just, once his ignorance is dissipated, his prejudices removed, and his humanity recognized. He has, however, no patience for humbug, rhetoric or cant. The trouble is that he has not been treated in the past as a sentient and rational person by politicians, or even his own Trade Union leaders—the main cause of our present industrial difficulties. Ignorance about Industry When in retrospect I recall my impression of the outstanding characteristic of the British working-man as I knew him in the workshops, I unhesitatingly fasten on his appalling ignorance of economic matters. Few of the “rank and file” have any conception whatsoever of the factors and forces which constitute that type of economic activity known as industry, still less of the contribution of industry to our national prosperity. And in regard to commerce and its part as the handmaiden of industry, their ignorance is even more profound. There never plays upon their imagination the least glimpse of the wonderful complexity of the mechanism of finance nor of the amazingly intricate organization of buying and selling. Who can blame them—they have never been told. I have kept a meeting of workmen keenly interested for an hour, after the conclusion of some official business, in a simple explanation of the functions played by finance in industry, and of the various kinds of financial operations entailed in the marketing of the product of their particular factory. Workmen respond to sympathetic education with cheerful alacrity. One of the expedients to which the Department of Shipyard Labour resorted was the institution of talks with workmen in various ship-repairing districts of the rôles being played in the stirring circumstances of the times by naval and merchant ships which were in dry-dock in local shipyards for reconditioning or repair. It had a most stimulating effect; men found themselves no longer sluggishly working upon an uninspiring metal hulk, but upon a living ship redolent with stirring associations, engaged in performing for the nation functions and duties which they could readily understand. There was less time lost, less sleeping on night-work, fewer stoppages of work; greater expedition, larger output. Misconceptions as to Wages