The river Hyttan flows in a perpetual stream both summer and winter. Now if, according to the general opinion, the water of this river were derived from exhalations of the great ocean, collected by the alps of this country, it should cease to run when all the alpine tracts are frozen. The stream must therefore be constantly fed by neighbouring springs. The names by which the Laplanders distinguish the several times of the day or night are as follows. Midnight is called in their language _kaskia_. The remainder of the night before dawn, _pojela kaskia_. The morning dawn, _theleeteilyja_. Sun-rise, _peivimorotak_. Two or three hours after sun-rise, _areiteet_. The hour of milking the reindeer, which is about 8 or 9 o'clock, _arrapeivi_. Noon, or dinner time, _kaskapeivi_. About 5 or 6 o'clock in the afternoon, _eketis peivi_. Sunset, _peiveliti_. Night, _iä_. The days of the week are named as follows. Sunday, _Sotno peivi_. Monday, _Mannutaka_. Tuesday, _Tistaka_. Wednesday, _Kaska vacku_, or middle of the week. Thursday, _Tourestaka_. Friday, _Perietaka_. Saturday, _Lavutaka_. They have no names for the months, but certain weeks are distinguished by the following appellations. Midsummer week, _Midtsomarvacku_. St. Peter's week, June 29, _Pelasmassu vacku_. Goose week, _Gassa vacku_. In the middle of the summer, _Gaskakis_. St. Margaret's, July 20, _Marcrit_. St. Olaus' mass, July 29, _Vollis_. (No date mentioned here.) _Vehak_. St. Laurence, Aug. 10, _Lauras_. Reindeer-fawn week, _Orryk_. When in a fawn two years old the horns begin to bud. St. Bartholomew, Aug. 24, _Barti_. (No date.) _Hoppmil_. St. Mary, Sept. 8, _Margi_. Holy Cross, Sept. 14, _Behawis_. St. Matthew, Sept. 21, _Matthus_. St. Michael, Sept. 29, _Michel_. (St. Faith, Oct. 6?) _Perkit_. (Middle of Oct.) _Talvi_. [Illustration] The annexed figure represents a Laplander's staff. It is tipped with a blade of iron, as thick as the thumb. With this weapon he attacks the bear and wolf in the time of deep snow. On the lower part of the shaft is a sort of hoop, six inches in diameter, made of root of fir, and fastened with thongs of reindeer skin, one of which passes through a hole in the staff. At the bottom it is mounted with iron. The use of this hoop is to prevent the staff from sinking into the snow, when used as a walking-stick. The shaft itself, made of birch wood, is about four feet long, and an inch and half thick. [Illustration]