On his return, as he writes, he devoted all his energies and time to research and to carrying out his great enterprises in botany; as he stated: "Indeed, for the last ten years my works have obliged me to keep in constant activity a great number of artists, such as draughtsmen, engravers, and printers."[20] But the favor of Buffon, powerful as his influence was,[21] together with the aid of the minister, did not avail to give Lamarck a permanent salaried position. Soon after his return from his travels, however, M. d'Angiviller, the successor of Buffon as Intendant of the Royal Garden, who was related to Lamarck's family, created for him the position of keeper of the herbarium of the Royal Garden, with the paltry salary of 1,000 francs. According to the same _État_, Lamarck had now been attached to the Royal Garden five years. In 1789 he received as salary only 1,000 livres or francs; in 1792 it was raised to the sum of 1,800 livres. FOOTNOTES: [10] _Les Grand Naturalists Français au Commencement du XIX Siècle._ [11] Was this quiet place in the region just out of Paris possibly near Mont Valérien? He must have been about twenty-two years old when he met Rousseau and began to study botany seriously. His _Flore Française_ appeared in 1778, when he was thirty-four years old. Rousseau, at the end of his checkered life, from 1770 to 1778, lived in Paris. He often botanized in the suburbs; and Mr. Morley, in his _Rousseau_, says that "one of his greatest delights was to watch Mont Valérien in the sunset" (p. 436). Rousseau died in Paris in 1778. That Rousseau expressed himself vaguely in favor of evolution is stated by Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire, who quotes a "_Phrase, malheureusement un peu ambiguë, qui semble montrer, dans se grand écrivain, un partisan de plus de la variabilité du type_." (_Résumé des Vues sur l'espèce organique_, p. 18, Paris, 1889.) The passage is quoted in Geoffroy's _Histoire Naturelle Générale des Règnes organiques_, ii., ch. I., p. 271. I have been unable to verify this quotation. [12] _Leçon d'Ouverture du Cours de l'Évolution des Êtres organisés._ Paris, 1888. [13] _Dictionnaire des Termes de la Botanique._ Art. APHRODITE. [14] _Discours sur l'Origine et les Fondements de l'Inégalité parmi les Hommes._ 1754. [15] Since 1742, the keeper and demonstrator of the Cabinet, who shared with Thouin, the chief gardener, the care of the Royal Gardens. Daubenton was at that time the leading anatomist of France, and after Buffon's death he gathered around him all the scientific men who demanded the transformation of the superannuated and incomplete Jardin du Roi, and perhaps initiated the movement which resulted five years later in the creation of the present Museum of Natural History. (Hamy, _l. c._, p. 12.)