Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
This reservoir, shown at ‹I›, Plate 25, is also a light, hollow
sphere 120 mm. in diameter; both this and the air chamber being
made by soldering hemispheres [p113] of copper together at their
circumferences. There are three openings in the reservoir tank; two
at the top and one at the bottom. One of those at the top serves for
the admission of the 5-mm. pipe bringing compressed air from the
air chamber; the other is connected with a pipe 1 cm. in diameter,
through which gasoline is supplied to the tank, and which is closed
by a simple plug at the top. The hole in the bottom serves as the
outlet for the gasoline to the burners. Close to the bottom of the
tank there is placed a small needle valve, which serves to regulate
the flow of oil, for, were the pipe left open, the compressed air
would force the oil out with such rapidity that the burners would be
flooded and the intensity of the flame impaired. The construction
of this valve is clearly shown in Plate 26A. It consists of a brass
shell having one end (‹a›) soldered to the bottom of the tank. The
needle enters through a stuffing box whose gland is held by two small
screws. The stem of the needle is threaded and engages in a thread
cut in the body of the casting and is operated by a fine wire on the
outside. It will readily be seen that this device affords a means of
making a very accurate adjustment of the flow of the liquid to the
burners.
After leaving the needle valve the gasoline flows along the pipe
‹S›, Plate 25, until it reaches the evaporating coil, ‹N›. In order
to subject the oil to as large a heating surface as possible, in
comparison with the sectional area through which it is flowing, the
pipe, which left the needle valve with a diameter of 6 mm. soon
contracted to 5 mm., is here flattened to a width of 7 mm. and a
thickness of 2 mm. There are seven complete turns of this flattened
tubing coiled to an outside diameter of 30 mm. At the end of the
seventh coil the pipe is enlarged to a diameter of 1 cm. and two
coils of this size are added, the inside diameter being the same as
that of the flattened coil. This enlarged portion serves as a sort
of expansion chamber for the complete gasification of the gasoline,
which is then led back through a turn of the enlarged pipe, beneath
the coils and to the front. At the front end of the coil a small
branch is led off, forming a “bleeder,” which takes sufficient gas to
supply the burner by which the coil is heated, the products of whose
combustion pass into and between the coils of the boiler like those
of the regular heating burners. The gas pipe rises in front of the
coil and by a ‹T› connection branches to the two burners that are
placed in front of the coils of the boiler. These burner pipes are 5
mm. in diameter and enter sheet-iron hoods forming regular burners of
the Bunsen type, which are fully shown in all their details in the
accompanying engraving, Plate 26. The pipe is plugged at the end, and
a hole 0.9 mm.
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