Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
It was early seen that this plan would require a boat at least 60
by 40 feet, which could be built only at a large initial cost. But
as the experience with models had so firmly convinced Mr. Langley
that it was necessary not only that the aerodrome be launched over
the water, but also at a considerable height above it, and from a
station that commanded all points of the compass, he decided to adopt
this plan for the large aerodrome, and designs for such a boat were
accordingly made in the latter part of 1898.
In order to insure the completion of this house-boat by the time the
aerodrome was expected to be ready for trial, it was built under
contract. Immediately after its delivery in May, 1899, work was
begun on the superstructure which carried the launching track. This
superstructure was a considerable undertaking, involving a turn-table
weighing about 15 tons, supported on a double circular track, and
this track in turn was supported entirely from the side walls of
the house to avoid having columns in the middle of the floor. From
the photographs, Plate 38, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it will be seen that
the entire superstructure was supported by three trussed girders
extending across the boat above the roof and carried by vertical
posts built into the side walls of the house. The turn-table was 48
feet square and the launching track carried by it was 5 feet gauge by
80 feet long.
[Illustration: PL. 38
FIG. 1.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 3.
HOUSE-BOAT AND LAUNCHING APPARATUS, 1899]
In making tests of the models, it had been the practice to carry
the main body of the aerodrome up a ladder to the upper works of
the boat, the wings being also carried up in the same manner. As
the large aerodrome was expected to weigh at least 640 pounds, of
which 350 pounds would be the steel frame with its undetachable
parts, such as the engine and its appurtenances, it was seen that
something more effective than a ladder would need to be provided for
getting the aerodrome from the interior of the boat to the launching
track [p157] above. It was therefore decided to place the upper
works of the boat rather nearer the rear end than the front, thus
leaving a space over the front end of the house through which a large
trap-door might be cut in the roof, and it was thought that in this
way the aerodrome might be passed up to the launching track by the
use of suitable ropes and pulleys. The upper works were so arranged,
and a sliding trap-door was provided in the roof, but more intimate
knowledge of the difficulties of handling so large and heavy a frame
made it certain, even before the aerodrome was ever placed upon the
house-boat, that it would be impossible to transport it to the upper
works by passing it through the trap-door. A different plan was then
resorted to. A very large door was constructed at the rear end of the
house, through which the completely assembled frame could be carried
in a level position and placed upon a large raft, consisting of a
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