Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
In addition to these radical changes many important improvements were
made in the different parts. Internal compartments were built in the
separator, so that even if the water was displaced by the pitching
of the aerodrome, it could still perform its functions properly.
The pump was provided with a ratchet, so that it could be worked by
hand after the burners were lighted, and before enough steam had
been raised to enable the engine to run it. An active circulation
was thus maintained in the coils of the boiler as soon as the burner
was lighted and before the engine was started, which prevented the
tubing from being burnt out, as had frequently happened previously.
The wing construction was also improved and many other changes were
introduced, which will be treated separately.
In the meantime, No. 4, which had been damaged in the attempted
launching in November, 1893, was strengthened and prepared for
another trial which took place in January, 1894.
By the end of the first week in February, the engine of No. 5 was
ready for trial, and with a boiler pressure of about 80 pounds per
square inch, apparently developed 0.56 H. P. on the Prony brake, when
making 800 revolutions per minute. To accomplish this called for such
good distribution of steam in the cylinder, that it is doubtful if
the power could be exceeded at that speed and pressure.
It was, however, apparent that it was desirable to have a boiler
capable of supplying steam for at least one horse-power, and that in
order to do this, there must be an improvement in the aeolipiles.
The problem consisted in arranging to evaporate more than 500 cu.
cm., and in fact as nearly as possible 1000 cu. cm. (61 cu. in.)
of water per minute, and, since from 200 to 300 cu. cm. per minute
had already been evaporated, this was not regarded as impossible of
accomplishment. The theoretical advantages of gasoline had for a
long time been recognized, as well as the very practical advantage
possessed by it of keeping lighted in a breeze, and several attempts
had been made during the latter part of the previous year to
construct a suitable burner for use with it. These had not been
very successful; but in view of the increasing demand for a flame
of greater efficiency than that of the alcohol aeolipiles, it was
decided to resume the experiments with it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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