Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
Accordingly, a gasoline evaporator was tried, consisting in the first
experiment of a gasoline tank with nine flues, through which steam
was passed. A flow of steam gave a rapid evaporation of gasoline
when the pressure did not exceed 5 pounds. The chief difficulty with
the burner employed was that the supply of gasoline gas would rise
and fall as the steam rose and fell, conditions just the opposite
of what was really desired. On the other hand, it was thought that
this gasoline tank would form a real condenser for the steam, so
that a [p066] portion of the exhaust steam would be condensed and
be available for use in the boiler again. The gasoline vapor had
many advantages over the alcohol; but it was at first possible to
evaporate only 120 cu. cm. of gasoline in a minute.
In the experiments that were made at this time (March 9) with
gasoline, the main object in view was to obtain a smooth blue flame
at 10 pounds pressure. There had been failures to accomplish this,
owing to the high boiling point of the liquid, and while the work
was in progress it was still evident that the problem of the boiler
and the flame which was to heat it had not been solved. A Prony
brake test gave, at 130 pounds pressure, 1.1 H. P. with about 1000
revolutions of the propellers; but this was with steam supplied from
the boiler of the stationary shop engine.
On April 1, 1894, the following record was made of the condition of
Aerodrome No. 5:
“The wings, the tail, and the two 80 cm. propellers, as well as the
two smaller propellers, are ready. The cylinders, gear, pump, and
every essential of the running gear, are in place. The boilers,
separators, and adjuncts are still under experiment, but may be
hoped to be ready in a few days. At present, the boilers give from
450 to 600 grammes of mixed steam and water per minute. With 130
pounds of steam, the engine has actually developed at the brake,
without cut-off, considerably more than 1 H. P., so that it may be
confidently considered that at 150 pounds, with cut-off, it will
give at least 0.8 H. P., if it works proportionately well.”
The delays incident to the accomplishment of the work in hand were
always greater than anticipated, as is instanced by the fact that
it was the latter part of September before the work was actually
completed. The greater part of this delay was due to the necessity
for a constant series of experiments during the spring and summer to
determine the power that it was possible to obtain with the various
styles of boilers, aeolipiles, and gasoline burners.
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