Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
The boiler consisted of two inner coils and an enveloping outer coil,
loosely wound and connected in series. The inner coils, each of which
had about 17 turns of 8 mm. diameter, 0.2 mm. thick tubing, developed
about 80 per cent of the steam; the outer coil of 8 turns, while not
exactly useless as a steam generator, afforded an efficient means of
fastening the smoke-stack and cover of the boiler, and for attaching
the latter to the midrod. This boiler was externally 30 cm. long, 16
cm. wide, and 10 cm. deep, weighing with its cover approximately 650
grammes. The stack for the burnt gases, into which exhaust steam was
led from a central jet, was about 1 foot long. At best this boiler
was capable of developing slightly over 100 pounds of steam.
The separator was of the form last described, except that the steam
dome had been moved toward the front, to prevent the jerk of the
launching car in starting from causing water to be pitched over
into the engines. It was constructed of sheet aluminum-bronze, and
weighed, together with its pump, 580 grammes. The pump, which was
double-acting and fitted with ball valves, was capable of discharging
4.5 grammes of cold water per stroke, its efficiency being only about
one-half as great with hot water.
The gasoline burner, which had been finally adopted in place of the
alcohol aeolipiles, had now been perfected to the form in which
it was finally used. Two Bunsen burners of special construction
were provided with gasoline gas by the heat of an intermediate
accessory burner, which played upon a coil to which all three
burners were connected. Gasoline was furnished from a tank made
of aluminum-bronze, under an air pressure of about 20 pounds, the
fluid being under the control of a screw stop-cock. This tank, which
was capable of holding 100 to 150 cu. cm. of gasoline, weighed 180
grammes, and the burners with an outer sheathing weighed 302 grammes.
It was calculated that about 3300 cu. cm. (201 cu. in.) of air
space would be required to float the aerodrome in water, and this
was supplied by an air chamber, having a capacity of 2700 cu. cm.
(165 cu. in.), which could be shifted to adjust the longitudinal
equilibrium of the aerodrome, and about 900 cu. cm. (55 cu. in.) of
space in the gasoline tank and the midrod. The reel and float, which
served to indicate the location of the aerodrome, if for any reason
it should be submerged, were in one piece, and so moored that there
was no danger of fouling the propellers.
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